我国小流域综合治理面临的问题与对策

发布时间：2018-05-11 06:59

本文选题：小流域 + 综合治理　；参考：《中国水土保持科学》2016年01期

【摘要】：我国以防治水土流失为主的小流域治理历史悠久,以小流域为单元的水土流失综合治理经历了30多年的探索和实践,逐步探索出适应我国实际情况的治理理念、治理措施及管理体系,取得了丰富的治理经验和显著的生态、社会和经济效益。自20世纪80年代初以来,我国先后对上万条小流域进行了综合治理,治理总面积达38万km2;但是随着社会经济发展和人们对环境质量的要求不断提高,小流域综合治理也显现出一些问题,包括治理理念和治理目标不能满足群众需求、小流域管理机制不健全和资金投入体制亟待完善等。在新时期,小流域综合治理不能够仅仅局限于原有的思路框架中,要在继承治理经验的基础上,根据国家经济社会发展,赋予小流域综合治理新的内涵,使其产生新的活力,使之能够更好地满足我国广大民众对居住和生产环境条件不断提高的需求。在当前的小流域综合治理中应注重当地群众需求、因地制宜布设防治体系,逐步调整综合治理内容、治理措施和综合治理目标,完善资金投入机制、建立健全小流域综合治理的管护措施、完善相关法律法规建设,以不断适应时代发展对小流域综合治理的需求。
[Abstract]:China has a long history of controlling soil and water loss in small watersheds. After more than 30 years of exploration and practice, the comprehensive management of soil and water loss based on small watersheds has gradually explored the concept of governance adapted to the actual situation of our country. Management measures and management system, has obtained rich management experience and remarkable ecological, social and economic benefits. Since the beginning of 1980s, tens of thousands of small watersheds have been managed in China, with a total area of 380000 km2. However, with the development of social economy and the increasing demand for environmental quality, The comprehensive management of small watershed also shows some problems, including that the management idea and target can not meet the needs of the masses, that the management mechanism of small watershed is not perfect and that the system of capital investment needs to be improved. In the new period, the comprehensive management of small watersheds should not be confined to the original frame of thinking. On the basis of inheriting the management experience and according to the national economic and social development, the comprehensive management of small watersheds should be endowed with new connotations and bring about new vitality. So that it can better meet the needs of the general public living and production environment conditions. In the current comprehensive management of small watersheds, attention should be paid to the needs of the local people, the prevention and control system should be set up according to local conditions, the contents of comprehensive management, the measures and objectives of comprehensive management should be adjusted step by step, and the investment mechanism of funds should be improved. In order to meet the needs of the development of the times, it is necessary to establish and improve the management and protection measures for the comprehensive management of small watersheds, and to perfect the construction of relevant laws and regulations.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学;水利部水土保持监测中心;
【分类号】：S157

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