秸秆添加快腐菌剂还田对麦季土壤养分和小麦产量与品质的影响

发布时间：2018-05-13 02:44

本文选题：秸秆还田 + 快腐菌剂　；参考：《江苏农业科学》2017年19期

【摘要】：通过设置在秸秆中添加快腐菌剂的大田试验,研究快腐菌剂对秸秆还田的促进作用和对小麦生物学特性的影响。结果表明,秸秆快腐还田影响土壤有机质及速效氮、速效磷、速效钾养分含量,与仅秸秆还田处理相比,秸秆快腐还田处理0~5 cm土层的土壤速效钾含量增加最为明显,有机质含量次之,硝态氮、铵态氮含量除成熟期及速效磷含量除花后15 d和成熟期有增加或持平外,其余各生育期铵态氮和速效磷含量降低,硝态氮含量则急剧减少;秸秆快腐还田处理小麦穗数与千粒质量提高,而穗粒数略有降低,最终产量提高;秸秆快腐还田能极显著提高小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和沉降值,降低籽粒硬度,在一定程度上改善中筋小麦籽粒品质。
[Abstract]:The effect of rapid rot on straw returning to field and biological characteristics of wheat were studied by field experiment with adding fast rot agent to straw. The results showed that the content of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were affected by the rapid rot of straw. Compared with the treatment of returning straw to the field, the content of available potassium in 0 ~ 5 cm soil layer increased most obviously. The content of organic matter, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen increased or remained the same except that the content of available phosphorus increased or increased at 15 days after anthesis, while the content of ammonium and available phosphorus in other growth stages decreased, while the content of nitrate decreased sharply. The spike number and 1000 grain quality of wheat were increased, while the grain number per spike was slightly decreased, and the final yield was increased, while the protein content, wet gluten content and sedimentation value of wheat grain were significantly increased, and the grain hardness was decreased after straw fast rot returning to the field. The grain quality of middle gluten wheat was improved to some extent.
【作者单位】：扬州大学环境科学与工程学院;江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心;扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室;江苏农林职业技术学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(编号:31271642) 江苏省扬州市农业科技攻关计划(编号:YZ2014166) 江苏省农业三新工程(编号:SXGC[2016]327)
【分类号】：S158;S512.1

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