外源磷与AMF菌丝对紫色土-玉米间作系统磷迁移的影响

发布时间：2018-05-19 00:01

本文选题：紫色土 + AMF　；参考：《生态环境学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus,AMF)在植物与土壤系统中扮演着重要的角色,能促进宿主植物对养分尤其是磷的吸收,间作在提高土壤磷素利用及增产增收等方面具有重要作用。采用隔网分室盆栽模拟试验,根室设玉米单作及玉米-大豆间作处理,并分别进行不同AMF处理(不接种、接种Funneliformis mosseae,分别记为NM、FM),同时对分室进行不同磷处理(不施磷、施无机磷、施有机磷,分别记为P0、IOP50、OP50),研究不同形态外源施磷情况下AMF根外菌丝对间作玉米磷吸收、利用及累积的影响。研究结果表明,(1)FM-IOP50-间作组合处理下的玉米根系最短(16.76 m),生物量最高(1.88 g·pot~(-1)),FM-OP50-间作组合处理下的玉米根系菌根侵染率最高,为66.25%。(2)在相同种植模式及磷处理下,FM处理的玉米根系及地上部生物量均明显高于NM处理;同一磷处理下,无论接种与否,间作玉米地上部和根系生物量均显著高于单作处理。(3)无论何种种植模式及磷处理,接种FM均提高了玉米植株磷含量及磷吸收量,均以FM-IOP50-间作组合处理下磷含量(0.68 mg·kg~(-1))和磷吸收量(15.97 mg·pot~(-1))最高;不管接种及分室施磷与否,间作玉米磷含量和磷吸收量均明显高于单作处理。(4)在同一种植模式及菌根处理下,IOP50处理的玉米根系磷吸收效率均显著高于P0及OP50处理。(5)FM接种、分室施磷和间作均在一定程度上促进了玉米植株生物量的增加及其对磷的累积。所有复合处理中,FM-IOP50-间作组合处理下的玉米磷含量和磷吸收量最高。可见,间作体系接种F.mosseae与外源无机磷施用组合是促进紫色土上玉米生长及磷吸收利用的最佳组合,有望通过降低土壤水溶性磷残留而减少径流磷的流失。
[Abstract]:Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in plant and soil systems and promote the uptake of nutrients, especially phosphorus by host plants. Intercropping plays an important role in increasing the utilization of soil phosphorus and increasing yield and income. A pot experiment was carried out in the root-room with maize monoculture and corn-soybean intercropping, and different AMF treatments (no inoculation, inoculation with Funneliformis mossea ein, recorded as NMS-FMN) and different phosphorus treatments (no P application, inorganic phosphorus application) were carried out in the root chamber. The effects of AMF external mycelium on phosphorus uptake, utilization and accumulation of intercropping maize under different forms of exogenous phosphorus application were studied. The results showed that under the intercropping treatment of FM-IOP50- intercropping, the maize root system was the shortest (16.76mN) and the biomass was the highest (1.88g). The highest infection rate of maize root mycorrhizal infection was obtained under the intercropping treatment of FM-OP50- intercropping. Under the same planting pattern and phosphorus treatment, the biomass of root and shoot of maize treated with FM was significantly higher than that of NM treatment, and under the same phosphorus treatment, no matter whether inoculated or not, the biomass of root and shoot of maize was significantly higher than that of NM treatment. The biomass of upper part and root system of intercropping maize field was significantly higher than that of monoculture treatment. The highest phosphorus content (0.68 mg / kg) and phosphorus uptake (15.97 mg / kg ~ (-1) were found in FM-IOP50- intercropping treatments, regardless of inoculation and room application of phosphorus. P content and P uptake of intercropping maize were significantly higher than that of monoculture treatment. 4) under the same planting pattern and mycorrhizal treatment, the P uptake efficiency of maize roots treated with IOP50 was significantly higher than that of P0 and OP50 treatment. To some extent, the biomass of maize plants was increased and the accumulation of phosphorus was increased by applying phosphorus in compartments and intercropping. The phosphorus content and phosphorus absorption of maize were the highest under the combination of FM-IOP50-intercropping. It can be seen that the combination of inoculation of F.mosseae and application of exogenous inorganic phosphorus in intercropping system is the best combination to promote maize growth and phosphorus absorption and utilization in purple soil, which is expected to reduce the loss of runoff phosphorus by reducing water soluble phosphorus residues in soil.
【作者单位】：云南农业大学资源与环境学院;云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室;四川省科学技术信息研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41161041;41561057) 云南省教育厅科研基金课题(2015Y201)
【分类号】：S154.4;S513

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