全膜双垄沟种植模式对晋北盐碱土水盐动态特征的影响

发布时间：2018-05-20 18:07

  本文选题：全膜双垄沟 + 种植模式　； 参考：《中国土壤与肥料》2017年03期

【摘要】：为探索不同种植模式对晋北盐碱土水盐动态特征的影响,采用大田试验,以裸地为对照(CK),研究平作不覆膜(F)、平作覆膜(P)、起垄覆膜(P_r)和全膜双垄沟(P_t)4种模式下对晋北苏打型盐碱土饲草玉米田的水盐纵向动态分布。全膜双垄沟模式保水保墒,其中以0~40 cm土层效果最为明显,土壤含水率较CK、F、P、P_r分别提高30.73%、27.63%、29.05%和19.96%;玉米生育期内全膜双垄沟模式持续抑制根区土壤盐分上移,0~40 cm土层土壤电导率较CK、F、P和P_r分别降低31.30%、31.77%、24.42%和10.47%;40~100 cm土层比CK、F、P和P_r分别降低20.95%、11.61%、7.61%和5.60%;全膜双垄沟模式有效降低0~20 cm表层土壤pH值,但对20~100 cm土壤pH值影响较小;全膜双垄沟模式可有效改善土壤生态环境,促进玉米植株生长发育,其产量比处理F、P和P_r分别提高36.62%、24.56%和10.98%。全膜双垄沟模式可调控根区水盐分布,改善土壤生态环境,促进玉米生长发育,提高作物产量,可作为晋北盐碱地土壤的有效改良措施之一。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the effects of different planting patterns on the dynamic characteristics of water and salt in saline and alkali soils in North Shanxi, field experiments were carried out. The vertical distribution of water and salt in the forage maize field of soda type saline and alkali soil in North Shanxi was studied under the four models of non-mulching film mulching, plastic film mulching, ridging and film mulching, and full film double ridging furrow and total film furrow respectively, using CK and CK as the control, and the results were as follows: (1) the vertical distribution of water and salt in the field of brackish corn was studied in this paper. The effect of water conservation and soil moisture conservation was most obvious in the 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer. Soil moisture content was increased by 30.737.63and 29.05% and 19.96.The soil electrical conductivity was decreased 31.3031.7724.42% and 10.4740cm-100 cm than CK FN P and 10.4740m / 100 cm soil layer, respectively, compared with CK FN P and pr, respectively, and the soil conductivity was decreased by 31.3031.7724.42% and 10.4740m / 100 cm, respectively, while the soil electrical conductivity of the soil layer at 40cm was decreased by the model of full-film double-ridge furrow during maize growth period, and the soil electrical conductivity was decreased by 31.3031.7724.42%, respectively. 20.95% 11.61% and 5.60% respectively. The soil pH value of 0 ~ 20 cm surface soil was decreased effectively by the model of full film double ridge. But it had little effect on the pH value of 20 ~ 100cm soil, and the full film double-ridge model could effectively improve the soil ecological environment and promote the growth and development of maize plants, the yield of which was increased by 36.62and 24.56% and 10.98%, respectively, compared with the treatment of FNP and pr, respectively. The full film double ridge pattern can regulate the distribution of water and salt in the root area, improve the soil ecological environment, promote the growth and development of maize, and increase crop yield. It can be used as one of the effective improvement measures for the soil in the north of Shanxi Province.
【作者单位】： 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所;土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所;
【基金】：山西省土壤环境与养分资源重点实验室开放基金课题(2014002) 国家国际科技合作专项项目(2015DFA90990)
【分类号】：S156.4
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本文编号：1915687