不同作物间坡面径流和泥沙流失量特征与差异分析

发布时间：2018-05-21 05:48

本文选题：坡耕地 + 降雨量　；参考：《干旱区资源与环境》2017年11期

【摘要】：为了揭示作物种类对坡面径流和泥沙流失的影响,对坡耕地玉米、莜麦和土豆三种作物小区在7~9月侵蚀性降雨期的降雨量、径流量和泥沙流失量进行了监测与分析。结果表明:2015年7~9月侵蚀性降雨单场降雨量在25.76~40.25mm之间,均值为31.49mm,属大雨。作物种类对坡面径流量影响显著,表现为莜麦地土豆地玉米地,均值分别为:41.45L、37.48L和30.84L。三种作物小区泥沙流失量与降雨量和径流量间成正向线性关系,但相关系数和斜率均存在差异。随着径流量的增加,玉米小区泥沙流失量增加最慢,莜麦小区居中,土豆小区最快。三种作物小区径流含沙率存在显著差异,表现为:土豆小区莜麦小区玉米小区,均值分别为150.22g/L、121.47g/L和52.36g/L。作物种类对坡耕地坡面径流量、泥沙流失量、径流含沙率以及它们间相互关系均有影响,但玉米比莜麦和土豆具有更强的调蓄径流和保护泥沙流失的作用。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the effect of crop species on runoff and sediment loss on slope land, the rainfall, runoff and sediment loss of maize, naked oats and potatoes in three crop plots in July and September were monitored and analyzed. The results show that the single rainfall in 25.76~40.25mm range from July to September 2015, the mean value is 31.49 mm, which belongs to heavy rain. The effect of crop species on runoff on slope was significant, showing that corn field in naked oats land, the mean values were respectively: 1 41.45L 37.48L and 30.84L. There is a positive linear relationship between sediment loss and rainfall and runoff, but the correlation coefficient and slope are different. With the increase of runoff, sediment loss increased most slowly in maize plot. Naked oats plot was the middle and potato plot was the fastest. There was significant difference in runoff sediment content among three crop plots, which showed that the average value of runoff sediment content in naked oats plot was 150.22 g / L 121.47 g / L and 52.36 g / L, respectively. Crop species have an effect on runoff, sediment loss, runoff sediment content and their relationships on sloping farmland, but corn has a stronger role in regulating runoff and protecting sediment loss than naked oats and potatoes.
【作者单位】：山西省水土保持科学研究所;
【基金】：山西省青年科技研究基金(项目编号:2013021031-4) 山西省水利厅项目(201629) 山西省科技厅项目(2016131)资助
【分类号】：S157.1

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