基于RUSLE模型的六盘水市土壤侵蚀评价

发布时间：2018-05-21 09:42

本文选题：GIS + 水土流失　；参考：《生态与农村环境学报》2016年03期

【摘要】：矿产资源的开采容易导致矿区土地资源破坏及生态环境恶化,为探索煤矿开采对土壤侵蚀的影响,分析矿区土地侵蚀状况。以贵州省西南部煤矿城市六盘水市为研究对象,基于土壤质地、地形、气候、土地覆盖和土地利用等数据,运用RUSLE模型,结合GIS空间分析方法,研究六盘水市土壤侵蚀现状及空间分布特征,着重分析煤矿区土壤侵蚀分布特征。结果表明:(1)六盘水市土壤侵蚀以微度、中度侵蚀为主,侵蚀严重区域主要集中在水城县东部和南部,六枝特区东部以及盘县中部。(2)土壤侵蚀主要发生在人类负向干扰活动强烈的林地、草地、旱地、煤矿区和裸地。(3)六盘水市南部煤矿区侵蚀较严重,以中度侵蚀为主,主要原因是采煤造成的地质灾害使土壤侵蚀抑制因素作用减弱。(4)私营煤矿区土壤侵蚀程度比国有煤矿区严重。私营煤矿区应在煤炭开采过程中加强保护与治理。
[Abstract]:The exploitation of mineral resources can easily lead to the destruction of land resources and the deterioration of ecological environment in mining areas. In order to explore the influence of coal mining on soil erosion, the situation of land erosion in mining areas is analyzed. Based on the data of soil texture, topography, climate, land cover and land use in Liupanshui City, a coal mine city in southwestern Guizhou Province, this paper applies RUSLE model and GIS spatial analysis method. The present situation and spatial distribution of soil erosion in Liupanshui City were studied, and the distribution characteristics of soil erosion in coal mining area were analyzed. The results show that the soil erosion in Liupanshui is mainly slight and moderate erosion, and the serious erosion area is mainly in the east and south of Shuicheng County. Soil erosion occurred mainly in woodland, grassland, dryland, coal mining area and bare land in the eastern part of Liuzhi Special Zone and in the central part of Panxian.) the main erosion was moderate erosion in the southern coal mining area of Liupanshui City. The main reason is that the geological disaster caused by coal mining weakens the function of soil erosion inhibition factor. 4) the degree of soil erosion in private coal mining area is more serious than that in state-owned coal mine area. Private coal mining areas should be strengthened in the process of coal mining protection and governance.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院;
【基金】：国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY110800) 江苏高校优势学科建设工程基金(PAPD)
【分类号】：S157.1

【参考文献】