棉花秸秆还田对土壤团聚体有机碳及氮磷钾含量的影响

发布时间：2018-05-23 19:01

本文选题：棉花 + 秸秆还田　；参考：《应用生态学报》2016年12期

【摘要】：试验设置棉花秸秆还田和不还田两个处理,还田年限为3年.于第3年11月采集0~5、5~10、10~20和20~30 cm的原状土,采用干筛法将土壤团粒结构分级,研究棉花秸秆还田对土壤团聚体组成和不同粒径土壤团聚体中有机碳和速效氮、磷、钾含量的影响.结果表明:在0~5 cm土层,棉花秸秆还田显著提高了5和5~2 mm团聚体含量,显著降低了0.25mm微团聚体含量;团聚体有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾含量显著提高,平均提高幅度分别为19.2%、14.2%和17.3%.在5~10 cm土层中,棉花秸秆还田显著提高了5和5~2 mm团聚体含量,显著降低了0.25 mm微团聚体含量;团聚体有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾显著提高,平均提高幅度分别为19.6%、12.6%和23.4%.在10~20 cm土层中,棉花秸秆还田显著降低了0.25mm微团聚体含量;团聚体有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾含量显著提高,平均提高幅度分别为8.4%、10.9%和11.5%.在20~30 cm土层中,棉花秸秆还田仅显著提高了团聚体速效钾含量,比对照提高了12.0%.棉花秸秆还田显著提高了0~5、5~10 cm土层5和2~5 mm团聚体各养分贡献率及0.25~0.5 mm团聚体有机碳、碱解氮贡献率,显著降低了0.25 mm微团聚体各养分贡献率.棉花秸秆还田能增加大团聚体百分含量,降低微团聚体百分含量;显著提高各粒径土壤团聚体中有机碳、碱解氮和速效钾的含量,对速效磷含量无显著影响;提高了大团聚体对土壤养分的贡献率,有利于土壤结构及其养分状况的改善和棉花籽棉、皮棉产量的提高.
[Abstract]:The two treatments of returning cotton straw to field and not returning to field were set up in the experiment, and the returning time of returning field was 3 years. In November of the third year, the undisturbed soil of 0 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 5 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ (10) and 20 ~ 30 cm was collected, and the soil aggregate structure was classified by dry sieve method. The effects of cotton straw returning to the field on the composition of soil aggregate and the contents of organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different size soil aggregates were studied. The results showed that in 0 ~ 5 cm soil layer, the content of 5 and 5 ~ 2 mm agglomerates were significantly increased, the content of 0.25mm microaggregates was significantly decreased, and the contents of organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and rapidly available potassium in aggregates were significantly increased. The average increases were 19.2% and 17.3%, respectively. In the 5 ~ 10 cm soil layer, the content of 5 and 5 ~ 2 mm aggregates was increased significantly, and the content of micro-aggregate was decreased by 0.25 mm, while the organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium of the aggregates were significantly increased, with the average increase ranges of 19.6% and 23.4%, respectively. In 10 ~ 20 cm soil layer, the content of 0.25mm microaggregates was significantly decreased by returning cotton straw, and the content of organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in aggregates increased significantly, with an average increase of 8.4% and 11.5%, respectively. In the soil layer of 20 ~ 30 cm, the content of available potassium in agglomerates was significantly increased by returning cotton straw to the field, and 12.0% higher than that of the control. When cotton straw was returned to the field, the contribution rate of 5 and 2 5 mm aggregates and the organic carbon of 0. 25 ~ 0. 5 mm agglomerates and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen were significantly increased, and the nutrient contribution rates of 0. 25 mm microaggregates were significantly decreased. The content of organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium in soil aggregates with different particle sizes was significantly increased, but the content of available phosphorus was not significantly affected. The contribution rate of large aggregates to soil nutrients was increased, which was beneficial to the improvement of soil structure and nutrient status and the increase of cotton seed cotton and lint yield.
【作者单位】：作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东农业大学农学院;烟台市农业技术推广中心;山东省东营区史口镇农业综合服务中心;平顶山市种子管理站;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD05B06) 山东省现代农业产业技术体系(棉花)建设专项(SDAIT-03) 山东省农业良种工程项目(2013LZ,2014LZ) 山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2013CM005) 山东农业大学盐碱地改良利用项目(2014)资助~~
【分类号】：S141.4;S158

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