基于高分遥感的高标准基本农田信息快速监测研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 10:25

本文选题：高标准基本农田 + 遥感　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国人多地少,耕地资源稀缺,近年来耕地资源表现出数量锐减和质量日趋衰退两个方面问题。结合农用地分等成果,研究一套适合我国土地国情的耕地质量等别监测体系有助于推进耕地数量、质量和生态全面管护进程,推动基本农田保护和建设。本文在国内外已有的农用地监测评价的研究基础上,结合我国高标准农田建设要求,建立一套适合我国高标准基本农田的评价监测指标体系,并提出了基于高分遥感的研究区高标准基本农田质量快速监测指标。结合遥感技术,快速识别Pléiades影像基本农田质量的指标变化,包括表层土壤质地、表层土壤有机质含量、田块规整度、道路影响半径、防护林覆盖率5项指标,并完成了对研究区基本农田质量进行监测评价,得出结论如下:(1)遥感监测土地利用类指标。Pléiades高分辨率影像在农田区域的地类识别方面可较为精准的完成,且通过多尺度分割与光谱差异分割相结合的方法,可以使得分割结果更加贴合实际地物,提高分类精度。(2)遥感监测土壤自然条件类指标。通过曲周县样本点的表土有机质实测含量、表层土壤质地和Pléiades影像对应样本点的DN值进行相关性分析,可以得出Pléiades影像的DN值与表层土壤有机质含量、表层土壤质地之间存在相关性关系,基本可通过DN值变化反演研究区高标准基本农田的表层土壤有机质含量和表层土壤质地。(3)快速评价高标准基本农田质量。根据已有研究,本文从土壤自然条件和土地利用条件两方面构建了一套基于遥感技术的高标准基本农田质量评价指标体系,完成了高标准基本农田综合质量的快速评价。本文通过对研究耕地质量等别监测指标,整理监测指标所涉及的内容,本着实证与理论相结合的原则,建立高标准基本农田监测的指标体系,为高标准基本农田监测体系的建立提供建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the quantity of cultivated land has declined sharply and the quality of cultivated land has been declining day by day. Based on the results of agricultural land classification, the study of a set of cultivated land quality monitoring system suitable for China's land conditions is helpful to promote the overall management process of cultivated land quantity, quality and ecology, and to promote the protection and construction of basic farmland. Based on the research of agricultural land monitoring and evaluation both at home and abroad and in combination with the requirements of high standard farmland construction in China, this paper establishes a set of evaluation and monitoring index system suitable for high standard basic farmland in China. The fast monitoring index of high standard basic farmland quality based on high score remote sensing is put forward. Combined with remote sensing technology, the indexes of basic farmland quality in Pl 茅 iades image can be quickly identified, including surface soil texture, surface soil organic matter content, field regularity, road influence radius and shelterbelt coverage. The basic farmland quality in the study area is monitored and evaluated. The conclusions are as follows: 1) the land use index. Pl 茅 iades high resolution image can be used to identify the land types in the farmland area accurately. Through the combination of multi-scale segmentation and spectral differential segmentation, the segmentation results can be more suitable to the actual objects, and improve the classification accuracy. 2) remote sensing can be used to monitor soil natural conditions. Through the correlation analysis of the measured content of surface soil organic matter, the texture of surface soil and the DN value of sample point corresponding to Pl 茅 iades image in Quzhou County, we can get the DN value of Pl 茅 iades image and the content of organic matter in surface soil. There is a correlation between the surface soil texture, which can be used to evaluate the quality of high standard basic farmland quickly through DN value inversion of the surface soil organic matter content of the high standard basic farmland and the surface soil texture. According to the existing research, this paper constructs a set of evaluation index system of high standard basic farmland quality based on remote sensing technology from two aspects of soil natural condition and land use condition, and completes the rapid evaluation of high standard basic farmland quality. In this paper, through the study of cultivated land quality and other monitoring indicators, sorting out the content of monitoring indicators, based on the principle of combination of empirical and theoretical, establish a high standard basic farmland monitoring index system. To provide suggestions for the establishment of high standard basic farmland monitoring system.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S127

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