除草定在土壤中的降解和移动特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 00:16

本文选题：除草定 + 土壤降解　；参考：《生态毒理学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：除草定是一种新型嘧啶类除草剂,其在环境中的归趋备受关注。采用室内模拟试验方法,研究了除草定在不同土壤中的降解性、吸附性和移动特性。结果表明,除草定在江西红壤、太湖水稻土和东北黑土中的降解半衰期分别为693.1、173.3、138.6 d,该药在土壤中降解较慢,影响其在土壤中降解速率的主要因素为土壤有机质。除草定在江西红壤、太湖水稻土与东北黑土中的吸附较好地符合Freundlich方程,Kd值分别为0.34、1.86和2.94;3种土壤对除草定的吸附过程为自发的物理吸附。薄层层析试验显示,当溶剂展开至11.5 cm处,除草定在江西红壤、太湖水稻土和东北黑土中最远移至8~10 cm处。影响除草定在土壤中吸附性和移动性的主要因素为土壤有机质含量。除草定存在对地下水污染的潜在风险性,使用除草定应该引起足够重视。
[Abstract]:Herbicide is a new type of pyrimidine herbicides, its fate in the environment has attracted much attention. The biodegradability, adsorption and mobility of herbicide in different soils were studied by laboratory simulation test. The results showed that the degradation half-life of herbicide in red soil of Jiangxi, paddy soil of Taihu Lake and black soil of Northeast China was 693.113.33.3138.6 days, respectively. The degradation rate of the drug was slow in the soil, and the main factor affecting the degradation rate in the soil was soil organic matter. The adsorption of herbicide in red soil, paddy soil of Taihu Lake and black soil in Northeast China was in good agreement with the Freundlich equation (K _ d = 0.34, 1.86 and 2.94), respectively. The adsorption process of herbicide was spontaneous physical adsorption. The results of TLC showed that when the solvent reached 11.5 cm, the herbicide was located in red soil of Jiangxi Province, and the furthest distance was 810 cm in the paddy soil of Taihu Lake and the black soil in Northeast China. The content of soil organic matter was the main factor affecting the sorption and mobility of herbicide in soil. Herbicide has potential risk to groundwater pollution, so the use of herbicide should be paid more attention.
【作者单位】：环境保护部南京环境科学研究所国家环境保护农药环境评价与污染控制重点实验室;
【基金】：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(农药生态影响再评估技术研究2014-002)
【分类号】：X592

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