秸秆还田对耕作黑土中小型土壤动物群落的影响

发布时间：2018-05-29 01:16

本文选题：秸秆还田 + 耕作黑土　；参考：《生态学报》2017年07期

【摘要】：为了考察秸秆还田对耕作黑土中土壤动物群落结构的影响,2009年到2011年在黑龙江省海伦市进行了定点实验,调查了样地A(17kg秸秆+含高浓度催腐剂还田)、样地B(8.5kg秸秆+含低浓度催腐剂还田)、样地C(对照样地),样地D(8.5kg秸秆还田),样地E(17kg秸秆还田)的中小型土壤动物群落结构。共获取中小型土壤动物21779只,分别隶属于58个类群。其中,甲螨亚目、姬跳虫科、棘跳虫科与驼跳科4个类群土壤动物在本地区是最适应环境变化的土壤动物类群。土壤动物群落结构分析表明,对照样地C中土壤动物密度最高(46591.67只/m~2),土壤动物类群最多(17.17),土壤动物优势度指数最大(0.37),样地D中土壤动物丰富度指数最多(2.63),样地A中土壤动物多样性指数最高(1.72),样地B中土壤动物均匀性最高(0.64)。同时,各样地土壤动物基本都具有表聚性,样地A中土壤动物更趋于生存于上层土壤。综合比较分析表明,样地A秸秆还田方式相对来说最利于土壤动物生存。主成分分析表明,不同秸秆还田方式对土壤动物密度、甲螨亚目动物类群、节跳虫科类群、前气门亚目类群影响较大,是耕作黑土中对秸秆还田方式反应敏感的土壤动物指标,今后可以作为考察耕作黑土秸秆还田肥力效应的评价指标。另外,CAA分析表明:受土壤环境因子影响较大的土壤动物类群多为研究区域内优势类群与常见类群,土壤动物的密度与土壤中有机质、有机碳、碳氮比与全磷的含量关系最为密切。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effect of straw returning to field on soil fauna community structure in cultivated black soil, a fixed site experiment was carried out in Helen City, Heilongjiang Province from 2009 to 2011. The community structure of small and medium-sized soil fauna of A(17kg straw, B(8.5kg straw, D(8.5kg straw and E(17kg straw were investigated. A total of 21779 small and medium-sized soil animals belonging to 58 groups were obtained. Among them, there are 4 groups of soil animals in this area, such as Aracia, Acanthopteridae, Spinosauridae and Camellidae, which are the most suitable soil fauna groups in this area. The analysis of soil fauna community structure shows that, Soil animal density was 46591.67, soil fauna group was 17.17, soil animal dominance index was 0.37, soil animal richness index was 2.63 in sample D, soil animal diversity index was 1.72 in sample A, the density of soil animal was 46591.67, soil fauna group was the highest, soil fauna dominance index was the highest, soil animal richness index in sample D was 2.63, and soil animal diversity index in sample A was the highest. The homogeneity of soil animals in sample B was the highest (0.64%). At the same time, the soil animals in each land have the characteristic of surface aggregation, and the soil animals in the sample A tend to exist in the upper soil. Comprehensive comparison and analysis showed that A straw returning method was the most favorable for soil animal survival. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that different straw returning methods had a great influence on soil animal density, Archaeopsis subgroup, Arthropodae group and anterior valve suborder group, and were sensitive to straw returning in black soil. In the future, it can be used as an evaluation index to investigate the effect of straw returning to the field. In addition, CAA analysis showed that the soil fauna groups affected by soil environmental factors were mostly dominant and common groups in the study area, the density of soil animals and the organic matter and organic carbon in soil. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen is most closely related to the content of total phosphorus.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨师范大学黑龙江省普通高等学校地理环境遥感监测重点实验室地理科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371072,41471037) 黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划(UNPYSCT-2015054) 哈尔滨师范大学校青年学术骨干项目(10XQXG08)
【分类号】：S154.5

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