有机物料碳和土壤有机碳对水稻土甲烷排放的影响

发布时间：2018-05-30 00:46

本文选题：CH排放 + 变更施肥　；参考：《中国土壤与肥料》2016年02期

【摘要】：基于30年水稻土长期施肥定位试验,在保证原有定位试验正常开展的前提下,将部分化肥处理变更为有机肥处理(或反之),通过观测一年水稻轮作周期内不同处理甲烷(CH_4)排放通量季节性变化,探讨不同肥力水稻土中外源有机碳及土壤有机碳含量对田间CH_4排放的影响。结果表明:施化肥处理和有机肥处理,水稻土全年CH_4累积排放量范围分别为1.73~4.72和35.09~86.60 g·m~(-2)。有机肥处理改施化肥后,田间土壤CH_4的排放量显著降低;化肥处理改施有机肥或有机肥处理增施有机肥后,田间土壤CH_4的排放量显著提高。外源有机碳的输入量是田间土壤CH_4年排放量的决定性因素,外源有机碳输入量(x)与水稻土CH_4年累积排放量(y)之间满足直线方程:y=0.087 7 x+3.265 7(R~2=0.965 9,n=21)。土壤有机碳同样也是影响稻田CH_4排放的因素,在不同有机碳水平的水稻土上施用等量相同化肥或有机肥,土壤有机碳含量高的水稻土都更有利于CH_4的产生。单施化肥稻田土壤CH_4排放的最主要碳源是土壤有机碳,有机碳含量(x)和水稻土CH_4年累积排放量(y)之间的指数方程:y=0.162 4 e~(0.162 2 x)(R~2=0.940 6,n=9)。有机肥可促进土壤有机碳分解释放CH_4,土壤有机碳含量相同的条件下,高量有机肥比常量有机肥的土壤有机碳分解比率高0.65%,等量相同有机肥但土壤有机碳含量不同的条件下,土壤有机碳分解比率无显著差异;同样,土壤有机碳也可促进有机物料碳分解释放CH_4,在常量有机肥或高量有机肥处理中,土壤有机碳含量高者比低者的有机物料碳分解比率分别多出3.57%和2.34%。
[Abstract]:Based on the long-term fertilization experiment of paddy soil for 30 years, under the premise of ensuring the original location test to be carried out normally, Some chemical fertilizer treatments were changed to organic fertilizer treatments (or vice versa), and the seasonal changes of CH4 emission fluxes were observed by observing different treatments of CH4 during the rice rotation cycle of one year. The effects of organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic carbon (SOC) contents on field CH_4 emissions in paddy soils with different fertility were studied. The results showed that the accumulative CH_4 emission ranges of paddy soil were 1.73 ~ 4.72 and 35.09 ~ 86.60 g / m ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1), respectively. The CH_4 emission of field soil decreased significantly after organic fertilizer treatment was changed into chemical fertilizer treatment, and the CH_4 emission of field soil increased significantly after chemical fertilizer treatment and organic fertilizer treatment or organic fertilizer treatment increased the application of organic fertilizer. The input amount of exogenous organic carbon is the decisive factor of the annual CH_4 emission from field soil. The linear equation between the input amount of exogenous organic carbon and the annual cumulative emission of CH_4 in paddy soil is: y0. 087 7 x 3.265 7(R~2=0.965. Soil organic carbon is also a factor affecting CH_4 emission in paddy fields. Applying the same amount of chemical fertilizer or organic fertilizer to paddy soil with different organic carbon levels, the paddy soil with high soil organic carbon content is more conducive to the production of CH_4. The main carbon source of CH_4 emission from paddy soil was the exponential equation between soil organic carbon, organic carbon content (x) and cumulative annual CH_4 emission from paddy soil. The exponential equation was 0.162 4 x)(R~2=0.940 (0.162 4 x)(R~2=0.940) and 0.162 2 x)(R~2=0.940 (0.162 2 x)(R~2=0.940) respectively, and the exponential equation was 0.162 4 x)(R~2=0.940 (0.162 4 x)(R~2=0.940) and 0.162 2 x)(R~2=0.940 (0.162 2 x)(R~2=0.940) respectively. Organic fertilizer can promote soil organic carbon decomposition and release CH4. Under the same soil organic carbon content, the decomposition ratio of high organic fertilizer is 0.65 higher than that of constant organic fertilizer, and the same amount of organic fertilizer but different soil organic carbon content. There is no significant difference in soil organic carbon decomposition ratio; similarly, soil organic carbon can also promote the release of CH4 from organic materials, in the case of constant organic fertilizer or high organic fertilizer treatment, The decomposition ratio of organic materials with high soil organic carbon content was 3.57% and 2.34% higher than that of low organic materials, respectively.
【作者单位】：湖南农业大学资源环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41371250) 湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2012B287)
【分类号】：S154.1

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