秸秆不同还田方式对紫色土微生物量碳、氮、磷及可溶性有机质的影响

发布时间：2018-05-30 18:45

本文选题：秸秆还田 + 生物质炭　；参考：《水土保持学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：以广泛分布于西南丘陵区的紫色土为研究对象,通过田间微区试验,研究了油菜/玉米轮作下秸秆不同还田方式对紫色土微生物量碳、氮、磷和可溶性有机质的影响,以期为秸秆在农业生产上的综合利用提供理论依据。结果表明:秸秆直接还田(CS)、生物质炭还田(BC)、秸秆+促腐剂还田(CSD)和秸秆1∶1配施生物质炭还田(CSB)均有效提高土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)、氮(SMBN)、磷(SMBP)含量,其中以CSD处理的微生物量碳、磷最高,分别比CK(单施化肥)增加了46.32%,94.09%;CSB处理的微生物量氮最高,其次为CSD处理,分别达到了104.47,104.14mg/kg。对土壤可溶性有机质而言,除BC处理外,其他秸秆还田处理下土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)提高了63.26%~189.46%,其中CSD处理最高,达72.74mg/kg;与CK处理相比,秸秆不同还田方式显著降低了土壤可溶性有机氮(DON)含量,但4种处理的土壤可溶性有机磷(DOP)均有提高,特别是CSD处理对土壤可溶性有机磷的提高效果最佳。与CK处理相比,秸秆不同还田方式降低了土壤DON/TN,但有效提高了SMBC/SOC(除BC处理),其中CS和CSD处理的提高效果显著,同时CSD处理的DOC/SOC和SMBN/TN值最高,分别达到了0.49%和7.66%。秸秆不同还田方式能有效提高作物产量,与CK处理相比,各处理的油菜和玉米产量分别提高了3.37%~7.01%和1.49%~3.92%,其中以CSD处理的增产效果最佳。因此,油菜/玉米轮作下西南丘陵山区紫色土最优的秸秆还田方式为秸秆+促腐剂还田,该还田方式下活性有机质含量最高,有利于提高土壤生产力。
[Abstract]:The effects of straw returning under rape / maize rotation on microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and soluble organic matter in purple soil were studied in this paper. In order to provide theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of straw in agricultural production. The results showed that the content of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBCN), nitrogen (SMBN), phosphorus (SMBP) in soil were effectively increased by applying straw directly, biomass carbon, and biomass carbon, respectively. The results showed that the content of soil microbial biomass carbon (CSD) and biomass carbon (CSD) were effectively increased by applying straw directly, biomass carbon, straw promoting agent and biomass carbon added to the field, respectively, and the results showed that the content of soil microbial biomass carbon was increased, especially in the treatment of CSD. Compared with CK (single chemical fertilizer), phosphorus increased 46.32% and 94.09mg / kg respectively, followed by CSD treatment (104.47104.14mg / kg / kg). For soil soluble organic matter, except for BC treatment, the soil soluble organic carbon (CSD) increased by 63.26 ~ 189.46 in addition to BC treatment, which was the highest in CSD treatment (72.74 mg / kg). The content of soil soluble organic phosphorus (DON) was significantly decreased by different returning methods of straw, but the content of soil soluble organic phosphorus (DOP) was increased in the four treatments, especially the CSD treatment had the best effect on the increase of soil soluble organic phosphorus. Compared with CK treatment, straw return decreased soil DON / TN, but effectively increased SMBC / SOC (except BC treatment), in which CS and CSD treatments increased significantly, and CSD treatment had the highest DOC/SOC and SMBN/TN values, which reached 0.49% and 7.66%, respectively. Compared with CK, the yield of rape and maize increased by 3.377.01% and 1.490.92%, respectively, and the yield of CSD treatment was the best. Therefore, the best way to return straw to purple soil in southwest hilly area under rape / maize rotation was straw saprophytic agent, and the content of active organic matter was the highest in this way, which was beneficial to improve soil productivity.
【作者单位】：西南大学资源环境学院;
【基金】：国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B18)
【分类号】：S141.4

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