脱硫石膏改良重度苏打盐化土的环境效应

发布时间：2018-05-31 02:32

本文选题：脱硫石膏 + 重度苏打盐化土　；参考：《水土保持学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：为了解连续施用脱硫石膏改良苏打盐化土的持续效应及环境效应,以经过3a大田连续施用不同量脱硫石膏(0,15,22.5,30t/hm~2)改良的重度苏打盐化土为供试土壤,采用盆栽试验方法,研究2a盆栽试验后,脱硫石膏的持续效应对饲草玉米生长、土壤环境以及农作物中重金属累积的影响。结果表明:15t/hm~2用量的脱硫石膏可以显著提高饲草玉米的出苗率、株高、茎粗和生物量,较对照分别提高20.6%,16.8%,8.1%和10.1%,试验范围内改良效果最佳。脱硫石膏使土壤的pH、EC降低,Na~+减少,Ca~(2+)和SO_4~(2-)增加,且脱硫石膏用量越大,影响越大。土壤和饲草玉米地下部中的As、Hg、Ni含量随脱硫石膏用量的增加而增加,试验范围内土壤重金属含量均符合二级国家土壤环境安全标准(GB 15618—1995)。饲草玉米地上部重金属含量与脱硫石膏添加量无显著相关关系,根据饲料卫生标准(GB 13078—2001),各处理玉米中重金属含量均未超标。饲草玉米对重金属的富集作用地下部大于地上部,且对不同重金属富集能力CdHgAsNi。利用适量的脱硫石膏量改良苏打盐化土的持续效应良好,且对环境未造成不良影响。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the continuous effect and environmental effect of continuous application of desulphurized gypsum to improve soda-salinized soil, the soda-salinized soil improved by continuous application of different amount of desulphurized gypsum 01522.5 t / hmm-2) in the field for 3 years was used as the test soil. The pot experiment method was used. The effects of desulphurization gypsum on growth of forage maize, soil environment and accumulation of heavy metals in crops were studied after 2 years pot experiment. The results showed that FGD gypsum at the dosage of 15 t / hmf2 could significantly increase the emergence rate, plant height, stem diameter and biomass of forage maize, and increase 20. 6%, 16. 8% and 10. 1% higher than that of the control, respectively. The improvement effect was the best in the range of the experiment. Desulfurization gypsum increased soil pH value (Na ~ (2) and so _ (4) C _ (2), and the greater the amount of desulphurized gypsum was, the greater the effect was. The content of AsN HgN Ni in soil and in the lower part of forage corn field increased with the increase of desulphurization gypsum amount. The content of heavy metals in the soil in the test range was in line with the second grade national standard for soil environmental safety, GB15618-1995. There was no significant correlation between the content of heavy metals in the upper part of forage corn field and the added amount of desulphurized gypsum. According to the standard of feed hygiene (GB13078-2001), the content of heavy metals in all treatments did not exceed the standard. The accumulation of heavy metals in the underground part of forage maize was greater than that in the aboveground part, and the enrichment capacity of CdHgAsNiwas higher than that of the aboveground part. The improvement of soda-salinized soil by proper amount of desulphurized gypsum has a good lasting effect and has no adverse effect on the environment.
【作者单位】：山西大学生物工程学院;山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所;
【基金】：山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2014-097)
【分类号】：S156.4

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