关中平原区细沟水流侵蚀产沙研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 12:59

本文选题：细沟侵蚀 + 断面流速　；参考：《泥沙研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：为了研究关中平原区坡面细沟侵蚀过程,利用定水头冲刷试验,系统研究了6个坡度(2°、4°、6°、8°、10°、12°)、5个流量(8L/min、16L/min、24L/min、32L/min、40L/min)工况下的细沟水流含沙量及其与各水动力学间的耦合关系。结果表明:不同流量和坡度下,细沟断面流速随细沟断面的增加而呈波动性增加。断面流速与流量及断面呈显著性相关,而与坡度和平均含沙量相关性不大;不同流量和坡度条件下,含沙量随冲刷历时的增加,先急剧降低,然后呈微小波动趋势,最终归于稳定。含沙量与流量和坡度呈显著幂函数关系增加;挟沙饱和系数K变化范围为10.17~295.66,对应的不淤保证率约为73%。K随流量和坡度的增大逐渐增加,但增加的趋势逐渐减缓。由此可知,挟沙水流的剥蚀能力是有限度的。
[Abstract]:In order to study the rill erosion process on the slope surface of Guanzhong Plain, the sediment content of the rill flow and the coupling relationship between the sediment content and the hydrodynamics of the rill flow under the conditions of 2 掳~ 4 掳~ 4 掳~ 6 掳~ 6 掳~ 6 掳~ 10 掳~ 10 掳~ 12 掳~ (12 掳) and 5 ~ (8) L / min ~ (16) L ~ (-1) / min ~ (-1) ~ (24) L ~ (min) ~ (32 L / min ~ (40) L ~ (-1) were systematically studied by using a constant head scour test. The results show that the velocity of the rill section increases with the increase of the rill section under different discharge and slope. The velocity of cross section was significantly correlated with discharge and section, but not with slope and average sediment content. Under different flow and slope conditions, sediment content decreased sharply with the increase of scour duration, and then showed a trend of slight fluctuation. Finally, stability was restored. The relationship between sediment concentration and discharge and slope is significant, and the coefficient of sediment saturation K is 10.17 ~ 295.66, corresponding to which the guarantee rate of non-silting is about 73.K increases gradually with the increase of flow and slope, but the increasing trend is gradually slowed down. Therefore, there is a limit to the denudation ability of sediment-laden flow.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579214) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(Z109021564) 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室主任基金项目(A314021402-1619) 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室开放基金项目(IWHR-SKL-2014)
【分类号】：S157.1

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