煤矸山复垦重构土壤剖面养分含量和重金属污染状况分析

发布时间：2018-06-08 05:04

本文选题：煤矸山 + 重构土壤　；参考：《西南农业学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：【目的】土壤养分状况不佳和重金属污染是煤矸山重构土壤植被恢复的两个重要限制因子。因此,分析煤矸山复垦地重构土壤剖面养分及重金属污染状况有助于查明煤矸山植被恢复的关键限制因子,为煤矸山植被复垦提供理论指导。【方法】研究以山西省霍州曹村煤矿复垦果园(OP)和复垦农田(FL)为对象,通过与当地普通果园(OP-CK)和普通农田(FL-CK)对比,分析了2种复垦地土壤养分和重金属(Cu、Pb、Cr和Zn)含量在1m土层剖面中的变化情况。【结果】(1)与当地的普通果园和普通农田相比,复垦果园和复垦农田1m土层中土壤养分含量较差,特别是有机质表现明显,从养分状况的剖面差异来看,复垦农田养分状况总体优于复垦果园,两种复垦样地中有机质在表层(0~20 cm)、中层(20~60 cm)和深层(60~100 cm)均偏低,复垦果园表层速效养分偏低,中层除速效钾外,其余养分均较差,深层全量养分含量偏低,复垦农田全氮含量在表层、中层和深层均较差,而碱解氮在深层较差。(2)从2种复垦地土壤重金属含量与当地普通样地的差异来看,复垦果园土壤中Cu和复垦农田土壤中Cu、Zn含量在1m土层中均不同程度的超过普通样地,Pb和Cr含量在某些土层也超过普通样地;(3)从单项污染指数评价结果来看,复垦果园和复垦农田中Cu和Pb分别达到中度污染和轻度污染,复垦农田中Cr也达到了轻度污染。从综合污染指数评价结果来看,复垦果园达到了中度污染,复垦农田达到了轻度污染。【结论】复垦样地的养分含量与普通样地相比较差,尤其是土壤有机质,复垦农田有机质及速效养分状况优于复垦果园,复垦果园中Cu和Pb、复垦农田中Cu、Pb和Cr均出现了不同程度的累积状况,尤其是2种复垦样地中的Cu已达到了中度污染。
[Abstract]:[objective] the poor soil nutrient status and heavy metal pollution are two important limiting factors for the restoration of soil vegetation in coal gangue mountain reconstruction. Therefore, the analysis of soil profile nutrient and heavy metal pollution in the reconstruction of reclamation land of coal gangue mountain is helpful to find out the key limiting factors of vegetation restoration in coal gangue mountain. To provide theoretical guidance for vegetation reclamation in coal and gangue mountains. [methods] A comparative study was made between OPO and FLL in Caocun Coal Mine, Huozhou, Shanxi Province, and compared with OP-CK) and FL-CK in local orchards. The changes of soil nutrients and the contents of heavy metal Cu PbN Cr and Zn in soil profile of 1 m soil layer in two reclaimed land were analyzed. [results] 1) the soil nutrient content in reclaimed orchard and 1 m soil layer of reclaimed farmland was lower than that in common orchard and farmland in this area. In particular, the organic matter is obvious. The nutrient status of reclaimed farmland is generally superior to that of reclaimed orchard from the profile difference of nutrient status. The organic matter in the surface layer (20 cm), the middle layer (20 cm) and the deep layer (60 cm) are lower than that of the reclaimed orchard. The available nutrients in the surface layer of the reclaimed orchard were low, the other nutrients in the middle layer except available potassium were poor, the total nutrient content in the deep layer was low, the total nitrogen content in the reclaimed farmland was lower in the surface layer, in the middle layer and in the deep layer. But alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the deep layer is worse. (2) according to the difference of soil heavy metal content between the two kinds of reclamation land and the local common sample land, The Cu content in reclaimed orchard soil and the Cu Zn content in reclaimed farmland soil were higher than those in normal soil layer in different degree in 1m soil layer, and the contents of Pb and Cr in some soil layers were also higher than that in common soil layer.) the results of single pollution index evaluation showed that Cu and Cu Zn content in reclaimed orchard soil were higher than those in normal soil layer. Cu and Pb in the reclaimed orchard and reclaimed farmland were moderately polluted and slightly polluted, while Cr in the reclaimed farmland was slightly polluted. According to the results of comprehensive pollution index evaluation, the reclaimed orchard was moderately polluted, and the cultivated farmland was slightly polluted. [conclusion] the nutrient content of the reclaimed sample land is worse than that of the common sample land, especially the soil organic matter. The status of organic matter and available nutrients in reclaimed farmland is better than that in reclaimed orchard, Cu and Pb in reclaimed orchard and Cu Pb and Cr in reclaimed farmland have been accumulated to different degrees, especially Cu in the two reclaimed plots has reached moderate pollution.
【作者单位】：山西师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目(41301304)
【分类号】：S158;X53

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