嘉陵江流域不同土地利用类型土壤微生物功能多样性特征

发布时间：2018-06-10 07:10

本文选题：嘉陵江流域 + 土地利用　；参考：《水土保持研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：基于2013—2015年对嘉陵江流域中游(四川段)不同土地利用类型(混交林、草甸、针叶林、阔叶林、灌丛和裸地)土壤生境的调查分析数据,利用Biolog微平板法和磷脂脂肪酸甲酯法(FAMEs)系统研究了土壤微生物多样性群落特征。不同土地利用类型土壤养分和有效养分基本表现为混交林阔叶林针叶林灌丛草甸裸地。不同土地利用类型土壤微生物群落代谢平均颜色变化率(AWCD)随培养时间延长而逐渐增加,土壤微生物群落代谢活性依次是混交林阔叶林针叶林灌丛草甸裸地。土壤微生物对不同种类碳源的利用强度存在较大差异,碳水化合物和羧酸类碳源是不同土地利用类型土壤微生物的主要碳源,其次为氨基酸类、酚酸类和聚合物类,胺类碳源的利用率最小。土壤微生物群落的物种丰富度指数(H)、均匀度指数(E)、优势度指数(Ds)和碳源利用丰富度指数(S)总体趋势为混交林最高,针叶林和阔叶林次之,裸地最低,优势度指数在不同土地利用类型差异并不显著(p0.05)。主成分分析结果表明,从31个因素中提取的与碳源利用相关的主成分1,主成分2分别能解释变量方差的65.154%和81.047%,在主成分分离中起主要贡献作用的是胺类和氨基酸类碳源;土壤微生物多样性指数与土壤养分之间呈正相关,与pH值呈负相关,而土壤全碳和全氮含量对土壤微生物多样性贡献较大,这是造成土壤微生物群落功能多样性差异的主要原因。H,E和S与土壤养分各指标的相关系数绝对值均高于Ds,说明了土壤养分对土壤微生物群落优势度指数的影响作用较小。
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of different land use types (mixed forest, meadow, coniferous forest, broad-leaved forest, shrub and bare land) in the middle reaches of Jialing River Basin (Sichuan section) from 2013 to 2015, Biolog microplate method and phospholipid fatty acid methyl ester method (FAMES) were used to study the community characteristics of soil microbial diversity. Soil nutrients and available nutrients of different land use types were basically mixed forest broad-leaved forest coniferous forest shrub meadow bare land. The average color change rate of soil microbial community (AWCD) of different land use types increased gradually with the increase of culture time, and the metabolic activity of soil microbial community was in the order of mixed forest broad-leaved forest shrub meadow bare land. The soil microbial utilization intensity of different carbon sources is different. Carbohydrates and carboxylic acid carbon sources are the main carbon sources of soil microbes of different land use types, followed by amino acids, phenolic acids and polymers. The utilization rate of amine carbon source was the lowest. The species richness index, evenness index, dominance index and carbon use richness index of soil microbial community were the highest in mixed forest, followed by coniferous forest and broad-leaved forest, and the lowest in bare land. The difference of dominance index in different land use types was not significant (p 0.05). The results of principal component analysis showed that principal component 1, which was related to the utilization of carbon source, extracted from 31 factors, could explain 65.154% and 81.047% of the variance of the variables, respectively. The carbon sources of amine and amino acids played a major role in the separation of principal components. Soil microbial diversity index was positively correlated with soil nutrients and negatively correlated with pH value, while soil total carbon and total nitrogen content contributed significantly to soil microbial diversity. This is the main reason for the difference of functional diversity of soil microbial communities. The absolute values of correlation coefficients between soil microbial communities and soil nutrient indexes are higher than those of Ds. it shows that soil nutrients have little effect on soil microbial community dominance index.
【作者单位】：绵阳师范学院资源环境工程学院;
【基金】：四川省生态重点实验室开放项目“基于GIS的龙门山北段区域土地利用景观格局演变及其生态效应评价”
【分类号】：S154.3

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