长期秸秆还田不同施肥对土壤腐殖质含量及结构的影响

发布时间：2018-06-10 08:33

本文选题：红外光谱法 + 秸秆还田　；参考：《华北农学报》2016年05期

【摘要】：为了给提高耕层肥力、合理利用农业废弃秸秆提供良好的依据,采用腐殖质组成修改法与红外光谱法分析了不同秸秆还田条件下各施肥处理对非石灰性潮土腐殖质含量及结构的变化。以青岛农业大学长期定位秸秆还田试验为基础,设5个试验处理,施氮肥条件下设小麦、玉米秸秆还田(WCN)、一季小麦秸秆还田(WN)2个处理,同时设小麦玉米两季秸秆还田(WC)、对照(CK)、单施有机肥(M)处理。结果表明:随着时间的延续,秸秆还田条件下,2015年各处理土壤中胡敏酸(HA)、富里酸(FA)含量分别平均较2009年提高了117.68%,102.5%。与CK相比,秸秆还田模式各处理土壤腐殖酸总含量(HE)平均增幅21.8%~47.9%,其中腐殖质含量最高为WCN,2015年较CK增长118.8%,较2009年原始土壤增长了183.63%。两季秸秆还田配施化肥处理,能够增加土壤胡敏酸和富里酸的含量,胡富比值增大,增加腐殖酸含量并使之平稳增长。土壤腐殖物质活力从高到低为:WCNWNMWC。两季秸秆还田及配施有机肥,提高了芳香族类、羧基类化合物含量,而多糖类化合物含量减少,可提升土壤腐殖质的活性及芳化程度。两季秸秆还田配施氮肥可提高土壤中有机碳含量,提高土壤地力。
[Abstract]:In order to provide a good basis for improving the fertility of tilling layer and making rational use of agricultural waste straw, Humus composition modification and infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze the changes of humus content and structure in non-calcareous tidal soil under different straw returning conditions. Based on the experiment of long-term positioning straw returning to field in Qingdao Agricultural University, five treatments were set up, wheat, corn straw and wheat straw were treated with nitrogen fertilizer, WCNN and WN, respectively. At the same time, wheat and corn stalks were returned to the field with WCX, CK and organic fertilizer were applied only. The results showed that under the condition of straw returning to the field, the contents of Hu Min acid and fulvic acid in 2015 were increased by 117.68 and 102.5, respectively, compared with 2009. Compared with CK, the average increase of total humic acid content in each treatment was 21.8%, and the content of humus was the highest in WCN.The total humic acid content in 2015 was 118.8% higher than that in CK, and 183.63% higher than that of the original soil in 2009. The content of Hu Min acid and fulvic acid was increased, the ratio of humic acid and humic acid increased and the content of humic acid increased steadily. The soil humus activity from high to low is: WCNWNMWC. The content of aromatic and carboxylic compounds was increased, while the content of polysaccharides was decreased, which could enhance the activity and aromatization of soil humus. The soil organic carbon content and soil fertility can be increased by applying nitrogen fertilizer and returning straw to the field in two seasons.
【作者单位】：青岛农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：山东省现代农业产业技术体系建设经费项目(SDAIT-02-06) 鲁东丘陵区小麦玉米水肥自然资源高效利用综合技术集成与示范研究(2013BAD07B06-03) 高效海洋复合微生物肥料关键技术的研究与示范(2015ZDXX0502 B-01)
【分类号】：S153.622

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