基于WOFOST模型的内蒙古河套灌区玉米低温冷害评价

发布时间：2018-06-10 08:33

本文选题：玉米 + 低温冷害指标　；参考：《中国农业气象》2016年03期

【摘要】：利用内蒙古河套灌区玉米生长发育观测资料,结合已有研究成果,对WOFOST模型进行本地化及适应性检验;利用研究区内12站1961-2010年逐日气象资料,分区作物参数,模拟玉米生长发育过程,确定抽雄期延迟日数、灌浆指数为玉米低温冷害指标,贮存器官干物重波动百分率为减产情况评价指标,对历史低温冷害年及减产情况进行分析。结果表明:本地化的WOFOST模型在内蒙古河套灌区的应用效果较好,可以用于该地区玉米生长的模拟;WOFOST模型能够较好地模拟玉米发育程度对低温冷害的响应,以抽雄期延迟日数和灌浆指数为冷害指标评估的历史冷害发生状况基本符合实际情况,1961-2010年研究区12个站点共发生不同程度低温冷害260站次,其中重度冷害占37.3%,轻中度占62.7%,在发生严重冷害的年份中,84.7%的年份表现为减产的趋势。本文结论与传统方法相比,玉米低温冷害评价的生物学意义更加明确,本地化的WOFOST模型可以在河套灌区玉米低温冷害监测、评估等业务中应用。
[Abstract]:Based on the observation data of maize growth and development in Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia, and combined with the existing research results, the localization and adaptability test of WOFOST model were carried out, and the daily meteorological data of 12 stations in the study area from 1961 to 2010 were used to determine the crop parameters. In order to simulate the growth and development of maize, determine the number of delayed days of heading stage, the grain filling index is the index of low temperature chilling injury of maize, the percentage of dry weight fluctuation of storage organ is the evaluation index of yield reduction, the years of historical cold injury and the condition of yield reduction are analyzed. The results showed that the local WOFOST model was effective in Hetao irrigation area of Inner Mongolia, and it could be used to simulate the response of maize development degree to low temperature chilling injury. The occurrence of historical chilling injury, which was evaluated by the delayed days and grouting index of the period of heading androgeny, was basically in line with the actual situation. In 1961-2010, 260 stations with different degrees of low temperature chilling injury occurred in 12 stations of the study area. Severe chilling injury accounted for 37.3%, light and moderate accounted for 62.7%. In the year of severe chilling injury, 84.7% of the year showed a tendency of reducing production. Conclusion compared with the traditional methods, the biological significance of maize low temperature chilling damage evaluation is more clear. The localized WOFOST model can be used in monitoring and evaluation of maize low temperature chilling damage in Hetao irrigation area.
【作者单位】：黑龙江省气象科学研究所;吉林省气象台;
【基金】：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206021;GYHY201306036)
【分类号】：S513;S426

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