用栗蘑菌渣复配栗树有机肥的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-06-10 12:51

本文选题：栗蘑菌渣 + 栗树有机肥　；参考：《华北理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：以栗蘑栽培后的废弃菌渣为基料和载体,配以枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、胶质芽孢杆菌、侧孢芽孢杆菌生物菌发酵,添加聚天冬氨酸、柠檬酸的配合物,增加微量元素硼等的使用,复配制备出利于栗树生长的生物有机菌肥,研究有机菌肥对板栗增产的影响,对探索栗蘑菌渣的资源综合利用具有重要意义。测定了不同类型的栗树土壤主要元素的含量,并分析其与板栗产量的关系。结果表明:有效硼、硝态氮、有效磷、有效铁、有效锰、有效钙含量分别在1.1～1.8mg/kg,21.4～32.8 mg/kg,80.1～121.2 mg/kg,31.6～47.8 mg/kg,41.0～65.9 mg/kg,3.2～3.7 g/kg时,板栗产量较高;硝态氮含量高于42.1 mg/kg,有效的硼含量低于0.9 mg/kg、磷含量低于36.4 mg/kg、铁含量低于20.0 mg/kg、锰含量低于40.0mg/kg时,板栗产量较低。栗蘑菌渣的主要成分含量测定发现,N、P、K含量分别占栗蘑菌渣的0.50%、0.56%、1.10%,B、Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn含量均高于0.013%,可作为复配生物有机菌肥的基本原料。栗蘑菌渣SEM分析表明:属于疏松多孔结构,可以满足生物有机菌肥中使用的菌种载体的要求。确定了四种芽孢杆菌在菌渣中的最佳接种条件:菌液与菌渣体积比为25%,34℃条件下培养60 h。研究了聚天冬氨酸与锰、铁、钙络合以及柠檬酸与硼络合的反应条件,合成了能够改善土壤肥力,容易被栗树吸收的聚天冬氨酸锰、聚天冬氨酸铁、聚天冬氨酸钙和柠檬酸硼。确定了8～10年生栗树所需生物有机菌肥配比:1332 kg的菌渣,添加枯草杆菌菌液、地衣芽孢杆菌菌液、胶质芽孢杆菌菌液、侧孢芽孢杆菌菌液各550 mL,复配柠檬酸硼0.82 kg,聚天冬氨酸锰22.44 kg,聚天冬氨酸铁14.52 kg,聚天冬氨酸钙24.24 kg,60%含水量混合均匀继续发酵,60 h完成。选用不同树龄的24棵栗树进行应用小试,其结果:施加复配肥料后的高、低产组栗树产量普遍较上一年分别提升了13.75%、14.46%,相较于同年未施加肥料的栗树净增长分别为37.53%、38.37%,验证了生物有机菌肥的肥效。
[Abstract]:The waste fungus after the mushroom cultivation was used as the base material and carrier, with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus spore bacillus, adding polyaspartic acid, citric acid complex and increasing the use of trace element boron to prepare bio organic bacterial fertilizer for the growth of chestnut, and study organic bacteria. The effect of fertilizer on the increase of chestnut yield is of great significance to the exploration of the comprehensive utilization of the resources of mushroom residue. The content of the main elements in different types of chestnut soil and its relationship with the yield of chestnut are determined. The results show that the effective boron, nitrate nitrogen, effective phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese and effective calcium content are from 1.1 to 1.8mg/kg, 21.4 to 32.8 m, respectively. G/kg, 80.1 ~ 121.2 mg/kg, 31.6 ~ 47.8 mg/kg, 41 ~ 65.9 mg/kg, 3.2 to 3.7 g/kg, the yield of chestnut is higher, the content of nitrate nitrogen is higher than 42.1 mg/kg, the effective boron content is lower than 0.9 mg/kg, the content of phosphorus is less than 36.4 mg/kg, the content of iron is lower than 20 mg/kg, and the yield of chestnut is lower than 40.0mg/kg. The main composition of the fungus of chestnut mushroom residue is measured. It was found that the content of N, P and K accounted for 0.50%, 0.56%, 1.10%, 1.10%, B, Zn, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn content above 0.013% respectively, and could be used as the basic raw material for the compound biological organic manure. The SEM analysis of mushroom residue in chestnut fungus showed that it belonged to the porous structure and could meet the requirements of the bacteria carrier used in biological organic manure. The optimum conditions for inoculation in the bacteria residue: the volume ratio of bacterial and bacterial residue was 25%, and the culture of 60 h. at 34 C was used to study the reaction conditions of the complexation of polyaspartic acid and manganese, iron, calcium and citric acid and boron, and the synthesis of polyaspartic manganese, polyaspartate, polyaspartic calcium and lemon, which could improve soil fertility and easily be absorbed by chestnut trees. Boron acid. The ratio of bio organic fertilizer for 8~10 year old chestnuts: 1332 kg bacteria residue, Bacillus subtilis liquid, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus spore bacillus, 550 mL, 0.82 kg of boron citrate, 22.44 kg of polyaspartic acid manganese, 14.52 kg of polyaspartic acid, 24.24 kg, 6 of polyasparin, 6 The 0% water content was mixed and continued to ferment and 60 h was completed. 24 chestnut trees of different age were selected for application. The results showed that the yield of chestnut increased by 13.75% and 14.46% respectively after the application of compound fertilizer. The net growth of chestnut trees that did not apply fertilizer in the same year was 37.53% and 38.37% respectively, and the biological organic bacteria were verified. Fertilizer efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ446

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