不同施用量水稻灰对作物及退化黄壤理化性质的影响

发布时间：2018-06-11 12:22

本文选题：生物质灰渣 + 退化黄壤　；参考：《水土保持学报》2016年02期

【摘要】：以退化黄壤为对象,通过莴笋盆栽试验,研究了不同施用量的水稻灰(0,10,25,50,100,250g/kg)对作物品质及退化黄壤理化性质的影响,并进一步分析了水稻灰不同施用量下土壤液塑限的变化。结果表明:(1)水稻灰的施用提高了莴笋氨基酸和还原糖含量,以施用量为50~100g/kg的处理效果较佳,但仅施用量为50g/kg时的莴笋硝酸盐与处理I(0g/kg)比较减少了54.9%;水稻灰施用能提高莴笋中全氮、全磷、全钾含量,且随着灰渣施用量的增加而逐渐升高,但过量水稻灰处理(250g/kg)的莴笋全氮、全磷含量的增加量较其他灰渣处理明显减少。(2)水稻灰处理提高了退化黄壤pH值,改善了土壤酸化情况,其中处理V(100g/kg)的退化黄壤pH值由4.84上升至7.13。水稻灰施用可有效提高土壤有效磷和速效钾含量,但对碱解氮的作用并不明显。(3)各处理0.25mm土壤团聚体水稳定性表现为处理V(100g/kg)处理IV(50g/kg)处理III(25g/kg)处理VI(250g/kg)处理II(10g/kg)处理I(0g/kg),其中处理V的0.25mm团聚体破坏率由63.1%减至17.6%,同时对0.25mm土壤团聚体水稳定性提高效果最佳,但过量施用水稻灰(250g/kg)改良效果降低,0.25mm团聚体破坏率达到了42.4%。土壤液、塑限则随水稻灰施用量增加而增加,其中250g/kg水稻灰处理分别为31.67%,46.8%,有效提高了退化黄壤的保水能力。总体上,水稻灰施用量在50~100g/kg时,对退化土壤的养分环境、物理结构及作物养分品质的综合改良效果最佳。
[Abstract]:A pot experiment of lettuce in degraded yellow soil was conducted to study the effects of different application rates on crop quality and physical and chemical properties of degraded yellow soil, and to further analyze the change of soil liquid plastic limit under different application rates of rice ash. The results showed that the application of rice ash increased the content of amino acid and reducing sugar in lettuce, and the application amount of 50~100g/kg was the best. However, the nitrate content of lettuce treated with 50g/kg decreased 54.9% compared with that of treatment I _ 2O _ 0 g / kg, and the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in lettuce increased with the increase of ash application rate, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in lettuce increased with the application of rice ash, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in lettuce increased with the application of rice ash. However, the increase of total phosphorus content in asparagus lettuce treated with excessive rice ash (250 g / kg) was significantly lower than that of other ash treatments. (2) Rice ash treatment increased the pH value of degraded yellow soil and improved soil acidification. The pH value of degraded yellow soil increased from 4.84 to 7.13. Application of rice ash can effectively increase the content of available phosphorus and available potassium in soil. But the effect of alkali hydrolyzing nitrogen was not obvious. 3) the water stability of 0.25mm soil aggregates in each treatment was as follows: treatment VN 100 g / kg; treatment IVI 50 g / kg; treatment III treatment 25 g / kg; treatment VIN 250 g / kg; treatment 2 + 10 g / kg) treatment; treatment I 0 g / kg; treatment V reduced the destruction rate of 0.25mm aggregates from 63.1% to 17.6 g / kg; meanwhile, the destruction rate of 0.25mm aggregates in treatment V was reduced from 63.1% to 17.6 g / kg, and to 0.25mm soil at the same time, the damage rate of 0.25mm aggregate in treatment V was reduced from 63.1% to 17.6%. The water stability of soil aggregate is the best. But excessive application of rice ash (250 g / kg) reduced the damage rate of 0.25mm agglomerates to 42.4%. The plastic limit of soil liquid increased with the application of rice ash, and the 250g/kg rice ash treatment was 31.67 and 46.8respectively, which effectively improved the water retention ability of degraded yellow soil. On the whole, when rice ash was applied in 50~100g/kg, the comprehensive improvement effect on the nutrient environment, physical structure and crop nutrient quality of degraded soil was the best.
【作者单位】：西南大学资源环境学院;西南大学数学与统计学院;
【基金】：大学生科技创新“光炯”培育项目(20140101)
【分类号】：S156

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