基于SWAT模型的紫色土丘陵区农业小流域非点源氮、磷输出模拟研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 19:00

本文选题：SWAT + 非点源污染　；参考：《西南农业学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：【目的】农业非点源污染是造成水体富营养化的重要形式,紫色土丘陵区小流域农耕活动频繁,缺乏对农事操作所导致的氮、磷迁移通量的模拟和预测工具,从而难以针对小流域尺度氮、磷流失制定优化的非点源污染减控措施。【方法】本研究将SWAT运用在面积为12.36 km~2的典型紫色土丘陵区农业小流域。通过实测数据率定模型参数,模拟了小流域水文过程和氮、磷污染物迁移过程。【结果】SWAT2012能够很好地模拟每日径流、泥沙输出(决定系数R~20.60,纳什系数E_(ns)0.55),同时可模拟月步长氮、磷污染物输出过程(决定系数R~20.75,纳什系数E_(ns)0.72),说明SWAT模型可有效地进行丘陵区较小尺度小流域(10 km~2)面源污染输移模拟和预测。【结论】模拟结果可得出,氮、磷污染物的关键源区主要位于小流域沟谷区,通过建设河岸缓冲带可有效防止地表和地下径流途径的氮、磷损失。
[Abstract]:[objective] Agricultural non-point source pollution is an important form of eutrophication of water body. Agricultural activities in small watershed of purple soil hilly area are frequent and lack of simulation and prediction tools for nitrogen and phosphorus transport fluxes caused by agricultural operations. Therefore, it is difficult to establish optimal non-point source pollution reduction and control measures for nitrogen and phosphorus loss in small watershed. [methods] SWAT was applied to agricultural small watershed in typical purple soil hilly area with an area of 12.36 km~2. The hydrological process and the transport process of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in small watershed were simulated by determining the model parameters of measured data rate. [results] SWAT2012 can well simulate daily runoff and sediment output (determination coefficient RV 20.60, Nash coefficient E _ S _ 2 0.55), and can also simulate monthly step size nitrogen. The process of phosphorus pollutant output (determination coefficient RV 20.75, Nash coefficient Esp / nsN 0.72) shows that SWAT model can effectively simulate and predict the transport of non-point source pollution in small watershed in hilly region. The key source of phosphorus pollutants is mainly located in the valley area of small watershed. The loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface and underground runoff can be effectively prevented by constructing riparian buffer zone.
【作者单位】：中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所;乐山市产品质量监督检验所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371241) 中国科学院“西部之光”西部青年学者A类项目(41301266)
【分类号】：X52;X71

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