复合微生物肥料研制与效果研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 20:10

  本文选题：固氮菌 + 解磷菌　； 参考：《贵州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：复合微生物肥料在农业生产中具有社会、生态和经济等多方面的现实意义;本研究以筛选的根瘤菌、解磷菌、解钾菌最佳配比为基础,配合生长激活剂的作用,探索混合培养条件下复合菌株适宜生长条件,通过菌株溶解能力及酒糟菌肥肥效测试明确复合菌株活性和功效;为制造优质高效复合微生物肥料奠定基础。主要结论如下:1)通过拮抗试验证明,所选根瘤菌、解磷菌、解钾菌三种微生物可以混合培养;菌种配比(根瘤菌:解磷菌:解钾菌为1:1:1)中复合菌种株生长量较高,混合培养后复合菌株中固氮菌和解钾菌数量比单独培养高出21.8%和35.4%,即菌株间存在协同作用。2)复合菌株培养条件优化结果表明:不同氮源配比(蛋白胨:黄豆粉:硫酸铵)为4:3:3,碳源为淀粉和蔗糖时更有利于复合菌株的生长。当培养温度为33°C、液体培养基初始pH为7.2、培养时间为72h、激活剂用量为3.5‰时,复合菌株中固氮菌、解磷菌、解钾菌数量可分别提升至2.27×107cfu/mL、0.89×109cfu/mL和1.93×109cfu/mL,复合菌株解磷率可达9.10%,解钾率为9.74%。3)施用酒糟菌肥能显著提高土壤酶活性,酒糟菌肥与无机肥混施相比单施酒糟菌肥、无机肥土壤脲酶活性分别提高了4.2%和25.5%。4)等氮量施用条件下;在白菜结球期,酒糟菌肥与无机肥混施处理土壤全氮、碱解氮含量比纯施酒糟分别高出9.8%和11.6%,且土壤有效磷、速效钾含量持续增加,土壤有机质含量也显著提高。5)施用复合微生物肥料可显著提高土壤中固氮菌、解磷菌和解钾菌数量,酒糟菌肥和无机肥混施处理比单施酒糟菌肥土壤中解有机磷和解无机磷数量分别高出11.5%、25.9%。6)酒糟菌肥与无机肥混施后大白菜产量与单施无机肥料差异不大,但大白菜品质得到有效的提高,因此酒糟菌肥配施无机肥不但可保证大白菜产量,而且可明显提升其生理品质具有更好的农学和经济效益。
[Abstract]:Compound microbial fertilizer has social, ecological and economic significance in agricultural production. To explore the suitable growth conditions for the compound strains under mixed culture conditions, the activity and efficacy of the compound strains were determined by the test of the dissolution ability of the strains and the fertilizer efficiency of distiller's grains, which laid the foundation for the manufacture of high quality and high efficiency compound microbial fertilizers. The main conclusions were as follows: the antagonistic test showed that the three microbes, rhizobia, phosphorus releasing bacteria and potassium lyase bacteria, could be mixed cultured, and the ratio of strains (rhizobia: phosphorus solubilizing bacteria: potassium hydrolytic bacteria was 1: 1: 1: 1) had higher growth rate. The number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and potassium lyase bacteria in mixed culture was 21.8% and 35.4% higher than that in single culture, i.e., there was synergistic effect between strains. 2) the results showed that the ratio of different nitrogen sources (peptone: soybean powder) was higher than that of single culture. Ammonium sulfate was 4: 3: 3, and the carbon source was starch and sucrose. When the culture temperature was 33 掳C, the initial pH of liquid medium was 7.2, the culture time was 72 hours, and the amount of activator was 3.5 鈥，

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