聚丙烯酰胺、膨润土、秸秆混合改土材料对土壤的改良效果

发布时间：2018-06-23 08:54

本文选题：聚丙烯酰胺 + 膨润土　；参考：《河南农业科学》2017年09期

【摘要】：为改善耕作土壤结构,提高养分含量,以玉米秸秆为原材料,将通过菌剂发酵后的秸秆与膨润土、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)按一定比例混合制成改土材料,并筛选出FS[秸秆(粉碎)∶膨润土∶PAM=800∶200∶50]、FQ[秸秆(粉碎球磨)∶膨润土∶PAM=800∶200∶50]2种较优的混合改土材料,进行施用量比较试验,共设5个处理,分别为FS_(1125)[下标数字表示施用量(kg/hm)~2,下同]、FS_(1875)、FQ_(1125)、FQ_(1875)、CK(不施用秸秆混合改土材料),初步探究了该混合改土材料对土壤理化性质及玉米产量的影响。结果表明:相对于CK,FS_(1875)处理能显著改善土壤理化性质,该处理下土壤容重为1.20 g/cm~3,土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别为127.72、61.12、177.60 mg/kg,土壤有机质含量为16.6 g/kg。其中土壤容重较CK降低了0.19 g/cm~3,土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质含量较CK分别增加了38.15%、38.24%、37.45%、34.96%。且该处理下玉米产量较高,达到6 947.8 kg/hm~2,较CK增产8.5%。综合来看,FS_(1875)处理对土壤的改良效果最好且能产生较好的经济效益。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the soil structure and increase the nutrient content, corn straw was used as raw material, the fermented straw was mixed with bentonite and polyacrylamide (PAM) was mixed into the modified soil material in a certain proportion. Two better mixed soil modifiers, FS [straw (comminution): bentonite: 800: 200: 50] FQ [straw (grinding ball mill): bentonite: 800: 200: 50] were selected. FS_ (1125) [subscript number denotes the application amount (kg/hm) 2, the same number] FS1875 / FQ1875 / CK (no straw mixed soil modifier). The effects of the mixed soil modifier on soil physical and chemical properties and maize yield were preliminarily studied. The results showed that compared with CK FS_ (1875) treatment, the soil physical and chemical properties were significantly improved, the bulk density of soil was 1.20 g / cm ~ (-3), the contents of available phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium were 127.72 ~ 61.12177.60 mg / kg, and the content of soil organic matter was 16.6 g / kg. The soil bulk density was 0.19 g / cm ~ (-1) lower than that of CK, and the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter were increased by 38.15g / cm ~ (-1) and 38.15g / cm ~ (3), respectively. The yield of maize under this treatment was 6 947.8 kg / hmg ~ (-2), 8.5% higher than that of CK. Comprehensive analysis showed that the treatment of FS1875 had the best effect on soil improvement and had better economic benefit.
【作者单位】：贵州大学农学院;安顺学院;
【基金】：贵州省农业攻关计划项目(黔科合NY字[2012]3073号)
【分类号】：S156

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