茄子与香蕉轮作配施生物有机肥对连作蕉园土壤微生物区系的影响

发布时间：2018-06-24 05:58

本文选题：茄子 + 香蕉　；参考：《中国生态农业学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：连作现象在香蕉生产上非常普遍,而长期连作会导致严重的连作障碍。本文针对香蕉连作障碍,选择连作香蕉13年的地块,采用常规方法结合变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术,在田间条件下研究了轮作茄子配施生物有机肥对高发枯萎病连作蕉园土壤可培养微生物数量、土壤化学性状以及土壤细菌群落结构的影响。结果表明:与连作香蕉相比,轮作茄子处理可显著降低可培养尖孢镰刀菌数量,使其数量从种植初的10~4 cfu·g~(-1)(干土)下降到10~3 cfu·g~(-1)(干土),同时提高了土壤p H,增加了土壤有机质、速效钾、碱解氮含量。无论是轮作还是连作种植模式,与配施普通有机肥相比,配施生物有机肥对可培养尖孢镰刀菌、真菌和细菌数量影响均不显著;但在轮作模式下,施用生物有机肥处理的细菌数量与真菌数量比值(B/F,381.2)显著高于配施普通有机肥处理(270.3)。PCR-DGGE分析结果表明,轮作茄子配施生物有机肥显著改变了土壤细菌群落结构,增加了细菌丰度、稳定性和多样性,其中多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener指数,3.22)较连作香蕉配施普通有机肥处理(2.89)显著增加。以上结果表明,茄子与香蕉轮作有利于连作蕉园土壤的微生态环境,同时轮作配施生物有机肥效果更优。
[Abstract]:Continuous cropping is very common in banana production, and long-term continuous cropping can lead to serious continuous cropping obstacles. In this paper, in view of banana continuous cropping obstacle, the field of banana continuous cropping for 13 years was selected, and the conventional method combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) technique was used. The effects of rotation eggplant and bio-organic fertilizer on the quantity of culturable microorganisms, soil chemical properties and the structure of soil bacterial community in Canna wilt orchard with high incidence of Fusarium wilt were studied in this paper. The results showed that compared with continuous cropping banana, rotation treatment of eggplant could significantly reduce the number of cultivated Fusarium oxysporum from 104 cfu g ~ (-1) (dry soil) at the beginning of planting to 10 ~ 3 cfu g ~ (-1) (dry soil), increase soil pH and increase soil organic matter. Available potassium, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content. The effects of biological organic fertilizer on the number of culturable Fusarium oxysporum, fungi and bacteria were not significant in the rotation or continuous cropping pattern, but in the rotation mode, there was no significant effect on the number of culturable Fusarium oxysporum, fungi and bacteria. The ratio of bacterial number to fungal number in organic fertilizer treatment (B / F ~ (381.2) was significantly higher than that in conventional organic fertilizer treatment (270.3). PCR-DGGE analysis showed that rotation of eggplant with biological organic fertilizer significantly changed the soil bacterial community structure and increased bacterial abundance. The stability and diversity, of which Shannon-Wiener index (Shannon-Wiener index) was 3.22, was significantly higher than that of continuous cropping banana treated with common organic fertilizer (2.89). The results showed that the rotation of eggplant and banana was beneficial to the microecological environment of soil in continuous cropping plantain orchard, and the effect of rotation with bio-organic fertilizer was better.
【作者单位】：海南大学农学院;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2015CB1505030) 国家自然科学基金项目(31372142) 海南耕地改良关键技术研究与示范专项(HNGDg1201502) 江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室项目(BM201101302)资助~~
【分类号】：S154.3

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