堆肥-生物强化对重度石油污染土壤的修复作用

发布时间：2018-06-24 19:56

本文选题：石油污染土壤 + 低温条件　；参考：《环境科学》2017年10期

【摘要】：为解决微生物强化修复油污土壤过程中降解菌在低温环境下活性较低的问题,利用有机堆肥作为固体培养基对降解菌进行扩大培养,将获得的降解菌-堆肥制剂施入油污土壤中进行修复研究.利用重量法和GC-MS分析土壤中石油烃含量变化,利用Illumina Mi Seq对土壤微生物群落结构进行分析.结果表明,利用堆肥作为固体基质可对降解菌进行扩大培养.低温环境下利用堆肥-降解菌制剂对油污土壤修复30 d,土壤中石油烃、烷烃、多环芳烃去除率分别为27.0%、19.6%、10.0%;自然放置的土壤中3种烃去除率分别为4.5%、9.5%、2.3%.加入降解菌-堆肥制剂进行修复的土壤香农指数和Ace指数分别由4.42和1718.5增加为5.30和2170.5;土壤中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria)所占丰度由53.4%和25.9%分别降低至48.9%和14.1%,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)所占丰度由5.0%增加至24.5%.属水平上,不动细菌属(Acinetobacter)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)所占丰度由0.02%和3.4%分别提高至15.2%和4.6%.研究结果表明,在低温条件下向石油污染土壤中施入降解菌-堆肥制剂可提高土壤中的石油烃去除率,并使土壤微生物群落结构发生明显变化.
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of low activity of biodegradable bacteria in the process of microorganism enhanced remediation of oil-contaminated soil, organic compost was used as solid medium to expand the cultivation of degrading bacteria. The biodegradable bacteria-compost preparation was applied to oil-contaminated soil for remediation. The variation of petroleum hydrocarbon content in soil was analyzed by gravimetric method and GC-MS, and the structure of soil microbial community was analyzed by Illumina Mi Seq. The results showed that compost could be used as solid substrate to expand the culture of biodegradable bacteria. The removal rates of petroleum hydrocarbon, alkane and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were 27.0 ~ 19.610.0 in the soil treated with composting and biodegradation bacteria for 30 days, and the removal rates of the three hydrocarbons in the naturally placed soil were 4.59.5and 2.3respectively. The Shannon index and Ace index increased from 4.42 and 1718.5 to 5.30 and 2170.5 respectively, and the abundance of Proteobacteria and actinomycetes (Actinobacteria) decreased from 53.4% and 25.9% to 48.9% and 14.1%, respectively. The proportion of Bacteroidetes increased from 5.0% to 24.5. At the generic level, the abundance of (Acinetobacter) and Pseudomonas increased from 0.02% and 3.4% to 15.2% and 4.6%, respectively. The results showed that the application of biodegradable bacteria and compost to petroleum contaminated soil at low temperature could increase the removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbon and change the structure of soil microbial community.
【作者单位】：西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(21577109) 陕西省自然科学基础研究基金项目(2015JM5163,2015JM5226) 陕西省教育厅重点实验室科学研究计划项目(13JS048)
【分类号】：S141.4;X53

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