古人类活动对土壤理化性质的影响——以河南仰韶村文化遗址为例

发布时间：2018-06-26 02:59

本文选题：文化遗址 + 遗物遗迹　；参考：《土壤》2017年05期

【摘要】：在河南仰韶村文化遗址内,分别选取一个受到古人类活动干扰的土壤剖面(简称文化剖面)和没有受到古人类活动干扰的土壤剖面(简称自然剖面),通过分析土壤的粒度、磁化率、色度、矿质全量、全磷含量和容重特征,比较两剖面差异,从而获取古人类活动对土壤理化性质的影响。研究结果显示:文化剖面土壤各理化性质变异系数均较自然剖面大。文化剖面通体粒度组成偏砂,在灰烬层砂粒含量达到最大,但在文化层黏粒含量达到峰值,平均粒径和分选系数变化明显,均在灰烬层和文化层出现峰值和极大值;低频磁化率(χlf)高于自然剖面,在灰烬层和文化层出现峰值,频率磁化率(χfd)略低于自然剖面;红度(a*)、黄度(b*)、亮度(L*)低于自然剖面,在灰烬层均出现最小值;各矿质元素变异系数大于自然剖面,但含量几乎相近,脱硅富铝化程度较弱于自然剖面,在灰烬层中CaO、MnO含量达到最大值,在文化层中除SiO_2几乎无变化外,其余氧化物或出现最大值或波峰;容重平均值小于自然剖面,并且在文化层出现最小值;全磷含量高于自然剖面,在灰烬层和文化层出现峰值和最大值。
[Abstract]:In the Yangshao Village Cultural site in Henan Province, one soil profile (referred to as the cultural section) which was interfered with by paleo-human activities and a soil section (called "natural section") that were not interfered with by paleo-human activities were selected, respectively, and the particle size of the soil was analyzed. Magnetic susceptibility, chromaticity, total mineral content, total phosphorus content and bulk density were compared between the two profiles, and the effects of paleo-human activities on soil physical and chemical properties were obtained. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of soil physical and chemical properties in cultural profile was higher than that in natural section. In the cultural section, the content of sand grains in the ash layer reaches the maximum, but the clay content reaches the peak in the cultural layer, the average particle size and the separation coefficient change obviously, and the peak value and maximum value appear in both the ash layer and the cultural layer. The low frequency susceptibility (蠂 _ (lf) is higher than the natural section, the peak value appears in the ash layer and the culture layer, the frequency magnetic susceptibility (蠂 _ (fd) is slightly lower than the natural section, the red (a *), the yellow (b *), the brightness (L *) is lower than the natural section, and the minimum value appears in the ash layer. The coefficient of variation of each mineral element is larger than that of natural section, but its content is almost the same. The degree of desilication and aluminization is weaker than that of natural section. The content of CaOO _ (MnO) in ash layer reaches the maximum value, and in the cultural layer, except SiO2, there is almost no change. The average bulk density is smaller than the natural section and the minimum value appears in the cultural layer. The total phosphorus content is higher than that in the natural section, and the peak and maximum value appear in the ash layer and the cultural layer.
【作者单位】：中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院;国土资源部土地整治重点实验室;广东财经大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371226)资助
【分类号】：S153

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