组合生物滤池对养殖废水的净化效率及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-06-27 05:51

本文选题：曝气垂直流滤池 + 折流式水平流滤池　；参考：《环境科学》2017年06期

【摘要】：生物滤池作为一种有效的污水处理技术,已有广泛应用.但是关于组合生物滤池净化效能与影响因素系统分析仍然缺乏报道.为此,设计构建了曝气垂直流滤池+折流式水平流滤池的组合系统,通过设定不同的水力负荷(131、94、60mm·d-1)及分流比(8∶2、6∶4、4∶6)来探究运行工况的调整对组合系统净化效能的影响.结果表明,曝气垂直流滤池对有机物、氨氮及溶解性氮的平均去除率在80%以上,而折流式水平流滤池对氨氮、总氮及溶解性氮的平均去除率在40%以下.不同运行工况对生物滤池的净化效能存在显著影响,且两种不同类型滤池的净化效能也存在显著差异(P0.05).氧化分解是两种滤池中有机物去除的主要途径之一.两种滤池内都存在明显的硝化-反硝化,它们是滤池去除总氮的主要途径.垂直流滤池内的硝化-反硝化强度都高于水平流滤池.磷的去除主要受控于水力负荷、温度、溶解氧、有机物等,表明微生物吸收是滤池除磷的主要方式之一.相比于单一垂直流滤池,组合系统对总有机物和总磷的去除分别提高了4.4%和23.2%,对总氮的去除却降低了12.1%.降低分流比有助于提升水平流滤池反硝化强度,但是由于从原水中引入过多的氨氮,又水平流滤池的硝化能力有限,进而导致组合系统总氮去除率下降.因此,根据处理原水组成,控制适宜的分流比、停留时间及滤池内的氧化还原条件是提升该组合系统整体净化效果的关键.
[Abstract]:As an effective sewage treatment technology, biofilter has been widely used. However, systematic analysis of purification efficiency and influencing factors of combined biofilter is still lacking. Therefore, the combined system of vertical aerated vertical flow filter with baffled horizontal flow filter was designed and constructed. By setting different hydraulic loads (131U 94N 60mm d-1) and shunt ratio (8: 2: 6: 4: 4: 6), the effect of operating condition adjustment on the purification efficiency of the combined system was investigated. The results show that the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and dissolved nitrogen in vertical aerated flow filter is more than 80%, while the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and dissolved nitrogen in horizontal flow filter is below 40%. The purification efficiency of biofilter was significantly affected by different operating conditions, and the purification efficiency of two different types of filter was also significantly different (P0.05). Oxidative decomposition is one of the main ways to remove organic matter in two filters. Nitrification-denitrification is the main way to remove total nitrogen in the two kinds of filters. The nitrification-denitrification intensity in vertical flow filter was higher than that in horizontal flow filter. Phosphorus removal is mainly controlled by hydraulic load, temperature, dissolved oxygen, organic matter and so on, indicating that microbial absorption is one of the main methods of phosphorus removal in filter. Compared with the single vertical flow filter, the removal of total organic matter and total phosphorus in the combined system was increased by 4.4% and 23.22%, respectively, while the removal of total nitrogen decreased by 12.1g. Reducing the separation ratio can improve the denitrification intensity of the horizontal flow filter, but because of the introduction of too much ammonia nitrogen from the raw water and the limited nitrification capacity of the horizontal flow filter, the total nitrogen removal rate of the combined system will decrease. Therefore, according to the composition of the treated raw water, the key to improve the overall purification effect of the combined system is to control the proper flow ratio, residence time and redox conditions in the filter.
【作者单位】：中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所农业部热带亚热带水产资源利用与养殖重点实验室;武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院;中南民族大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：农业部热带亚热带水产资源利用与养殖重点实验室开放课题项目(ZJK201503) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(163106004)
【分类号】：X714

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