枸溶性钾无机复混肥对盆栽油菜及复垦土壤养分的影响

发布时间：2018-06-28 04:05

本文选题：构溶性钾 + 无机复混肥　；参考：《山西农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文研究了采用枸溶性钾作为研制钾肥的原料,并通过油菜盆栽试验进行了复垦土壤肥料应用效果的研究。结论如下：(1)本文采用枸溶性钾为原料,研制出一种枸溶性钾无机复混肥(简称,枸溶钾混肥钾),总养分含量≥26%,符合GB 15063-2009的要求。(2)施入枸溶钾混肥钾和氯化钾,复垦土壤中水溶性钾和速效钾含量明显高于枸溶钾处理。在最大施肥量时速效钾的含量分别比枸溶钾提高了12.01mg·kg-1和10.67mg·kg-1。(3)枸溶性钾无机复混肥和枸溶性钾直接施入,能够显著提高复垦土壤中有效钾、缓效钾和全钾的含量；最大施肥量时,二者有效钾比氯化钾高出45.79mg·kg-1和66.44mg·kg-1,提高了26.49%和38.44%；二者缓效钾比氯化钾高出88.24mg·kg-1和164.46mg·kg-1,提高了10.78%和20.09%；二者全钾量比氯化钾分别高出0.31 g·kg-1和0.68g·kg-1,提高了1.68%和3.70%。(4)土壤碱性磷酸酶受不同钾肥的施入影响较大。在枸溶钾的最大施肥量下活性最大,达到了0.52 mg·g-1·24h-1,其次为枸溶钾混肥钾,酶活为0.50mg·g-1·24h-1,最后为氯化钾；在最大施肥量下,枸溶钾混肥钾中土壤脲酶活性达到最大为0.34 mg·g-1 ·24h-1,其次为氯化钾为0.30 mg · g-1·24h-1,最后为构溶钾：在最大施肥量下,枸溶钾中土壤蔗糖酶活性达到最大为10.03 mg·g-1·24h-1,其次为枸溶钾混肥钾,酶活为9.60mg·g-1·24h-1,最后为氯化钾。(5)通过测定两季盆栽油菜生物积累量,在第一季油菜时枸溶钾混肥钾和氯化钾的生物积累量达到最大,分别为19.02g·株-1和19.06g·株-1；在第二季油菜时枸溶钾混肥钾和氯化钾的生物积累量达到最大,分别为15.70g·株-1和15.53g·株-1,两季油菜生物积累量均高于枸溶钾。(6)伴随钾肥的施入油菜中叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质、还原糖含量也明显增加。最大施肥量下,枸溶钾混肥钾和氯化钾的处理下的油菜品质指标均优于枸溶钾。(7)通过测定两季盆栽油菜全钾量,在第一季油菜时构溶钾混肥钾和氯化钾的全钾含量达到最大,分别为4.03%和4.09%；在第二季油菜时构溶钾混肥钾和氯化钾的全钾含量达到最大,分别为3.54%和3.58%,两季油菜全钾含量均高于枸溶钾。
[Abstract]:This paper studied the use of lydisic potassium as the raw material for the development of potash fertilizer, and carried out a study on the application effect of reclaimed soil and fertilizer through the pot experiment of rape. The conclusions were as follows: (1) a kind of lydisic potassium inorganic compound fertilizer was developed by using lydisic potassium as raw material. The total nutrient content of the compound fertilizer was more than 26%, which was in line with GB 15063-200. 9 (2) (2) the content of water-soluble potassium and available potassium in the reclaimed soil was significantly higher than that of the lydisic potassium. The content of the available potassium was increased by 12.01mg. Kg-1 and 10.67mg. Kg-1. (3) soluble potassium inorganic compound fertilizer and Lycium potassium, respectively. The content of effective potassium, slow available potassium and total potassium in cultivated soil; the two effective potassium was higher than potassium chloride 45.79mg. Kg-1 and 66.44mg kg-1, increased by 26.49% and 38.44%, and two higher potassium than 88.24mg. Kg-1 and 164.46mg. Kg-1 higher than potassium chloride, increased by 10.78% and 20.09%; two total potassium content was 0.31 g higher than that of potassium chloride. Kg-1 and 0.68g kg-1, improved 1.68% and 3.70%. (4) soil alkaline phosphatase is greatly affected by the application of different potash fertilizers. Under the maximum fertilizer amount of potassium soluble potassium, the maximum activity is 0.52 mg. G-1. 24h-1, followed by potassium soluble potassium, the enzyme activity is 0.50mg. G-1 24h-1, and the last is potassium chloride. In the maximum fertilizer amount, potassium soluble potassium mixed fertilizer potassium The soil urease activity reached 0.34 mg. G-1. 24h-1, followed by potassium chloride 0.30 mg. G-1. 24h-1. At the last, the activity of invertase in the soil was 10.03 mg. G-1. 24h-1 under the maximum amount of fertilizer, followed by potassium soluble potassium, the enzyme activity was 9.60mg g-1 24h-1, and the last was potassium chloride. (5) through determination. In the two season, the biomass accumulation of potted rape was the largest in the first season of rapeseed, the accumulation of potassium and potassium chloride was the largest, 19.02g plant -1 and 19.06g plant -1, respectively. In the second season, the biological accumulation of potassium and potassium chloride mixed with potassium and potassium was the largest, which were 15.70g, -1, 15.53g / strain -1, and two season rape bioaccumulation, respectively. (6) the content of chlorophyll, soluble protein and reducing sugar in rapeseed was also increased with potassium fertilizer. Under the maximum amount of fertilizer, the quality index of rape under the treatment of potassium and potassium chloride was better than that of potassium soluble potassium. (7) by determining the total potassium content of the pot planted rape in two season, the potassium mixed fertilizer in the first season of rape was mixed. The total potassium content of potassium and potassium chloride reached the maximum, which was 4.03% and 4.09%, respectively. In the second season, the total potassium content of potassium mixed potassium and potassium chloride reached the maximum in second season rape, 3.54% and 3.58% respectively. The content of all potassium in rape was higher than that in the two season.
【学位授予单位】：山西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S565.4;S158

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