农户对测土配方施肥技术的采纳意愿及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 13:47

本文选题：测土配方施肥技术 + 采纳意愿　；参考：《江西农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农业面源污染日益成为威胁我国实施数量、质量与生态“三位一体”耕地保护最主要的一个因素,也是影响粮食安全和农产品质量的重要原因。控制化肥农药增长的“双控”工程是减缓农业面源污染、提升耕地保护效果、保障粮食安全的重要举措,而环境友好型农业技术的应用是实现化肥使用量零增长目标的必要途径。作为化肥施用的决策者,农户对环境友好型农业技术的采纳意愿至关重要。测土配方施肥技术是一项相对成熟的环境友好型农业技术,以测土配方施肥技术为例开展农户对对环境友好型农业技术的采纳意愿及其影响因素的研究,并提出相应的对策建议,对于实现数量、质量与生态“三位一体”耕地保护目标具有重要的现实意义。本文以江西省这个传统农业大省为例,利用专题调研获取的554份农户数据,分析了农户化肥施用的基本认知特征和规律,并研究了不同类型农户对测土配方施肥技术的采纳意愿。以技术接受模型为理论基础,构建了结构方程模型,研究了农户测土配方施肥技术采纳意愿影响因素,进而提出了引导农户采纳测土配方施肥技术、促进耕地质量提升的政策建议。研究结果表明:(1)大部分农户能够认识到科学施肥的必要性;农户对自家耕地的地力情况了解程度不高,仅12.64%的农户表示很了解;对过量施肥的危害性认识不够全面;超过30%的农户表示对常见的“肥料三要素”氮、磷、钾的作用不了解;对控制化肥增长国家政策的认知度很低,认为很清楚相关政策的农户占比仅有3.97%。(2)从整体上看,农户的采纳意愿较高,仍有17%的农户表示不愿意。从不同类型农户的层面看,文化程度越高、年龄越小以及水稻经营面积越大的农户采纳测土配方施肥技术的意愿越高,且这类农户也更愿意关注测土配方施肥技术;文化程度越高的农户更愿意向亲朋好友推荐测土配方施肥技术,但此意愿的高低程度与农户的年龄和水稻经营规模关系不明显。(3)结果展示、感知易用性、社会影响、感知有用性这四个潜变量对农户采纳意愿均有显著的正向影响作用,影响效应分别是0.625、0.322、0.297、0.274;而采纳条件与采纳意愿呈负相关关系,影响效应为-0.105;结果展示还能通过感知有用性和感知易用性对农户意愿产生影响,社会影响也能通过感知易用性间接正向影响农户的采纳意愿。为提高测土配方施肥技术采纳率,促进耕地质量提升,论文提出了几点政策建议:(1)加大宣传教育力度,提升农户耕地保护意识;(2)注重技术效果展示,提升农户认可程度;(3)改善技术采纳条件,创新技术推广机制;(4)推动技术进步,提高简便易用程度;(5)完善土地流转制度,推进适度规模经营。
[Abstract]:Agricultural non-point source pollution has increasingly become a threat to the implementation of quantity, quality and ecological "trinity" cultivated land protection the most important factor, but also an important factor affecting food security and the quality of agricultural products. The "double control" project to control the growth of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is an important measure to reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, improve the effect of farmland protection, and ensure food security. The application of environmental-friendly agricultural technology is a necessary way to achieve zero-growth target of fertilizer use. As the decision makers of fertilizer application, farmers' willingness to adopt environmental friendly agricultural technology is very important. The technology of soil testing formula fertilization is a relatively mature technology of environment-friendly agriculture. Taking the technology of soil testing formula fertilization as an example, the willingness of farmers to adopt environment-friendly agricultural technology and its influencing factors are studied. The corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are of great practical significance for realizing the goal of quantity, quality and ecological "trinity" of cultivated land protection. Taking Jiangxi Province, a large traditional agricultural province, as an example, this paper analyzes the basic cognitive characteristics and laws of fertilizer application among farmers by using 554 farm household data obtained by special research. The willingness of different types of farmers to adopt the technology of soil testing formula fertilization was also studied. Based on the technology acceptance model, the structural equation model was constructed, and the factors affecting the willingness of farmers to adopt the formula fertilizer were studied, and then the guidance of the farmers to adopt the formula fertilization technology was put forward. Policy recommendations for improving the quality of cultivated land. The results show that: (1) most farmers can recognize the necessity of scientific fertilization, the farmers do not have a high level of understanding of the land fertility of their own farmland, only 12.64% of the farmers know very well, and the harm of excessive fertilization is not comprehensive enough; More than 30 percent of farmers said they did not understand the role of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the common "three elements of fertilizer"; and they had very low awareness of the national policies to control the growth of fertilizers, and only 3.97 percent believed that the relevant policies accounted for only 3.97 percent of the farmers. (2) on the whole, Farmers' willingness to adopt is high, there are still 17% of farmers do not want to. From the perspective of different types of farmers, the higher the education level, the younger the age and the larger the rice management area, the more willing farmers are to adopt the soil testing formula fertilization technology, and these farmers are more willing to pay attention to the soil testing formula fertilization technology. The farmers with higher education level were more willing to recommend the soil test formula fertilization technology to their relatives and friends, but the level of this willingness was not significantly related to the farmers' age and the scale of rice management. (3) the results showed, perceived ease of use, and social impact. The four latent variables of perceived usefulness have significant positive effects on farmers' willingness to adopt, and the effect is 0.625 / 0.3220.297 / 0.274 respectively, while the adoption condition is negatively related to the willingness to adopt. The influence effect is -0.105. The result shows that it can also affect farmers' willingness to adopt through perceived usefulness and perceived usability, and social impact can also influence farmers' willingness to adopt indirectly through perceived usability. In order to improve the adoption rate of formula fertilization technology and improve the quality of cultivated land, the paper puts forward several policy suggestions: (1) to strengthen propaganda and education, to enhance the awareness of farmland protection of farmers; (2) to pay attention to the display of technical effects. Promote farmers' recognition; (3) improve technology adoption conditions, innovation technology promotion mechanism; (4) promote technological progress, improve ease of use; (5) improve land transfer system, promote moderate scale management.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S147;F323.6

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