淮河流域表层土壤湿度时空特征及其与地面降水的关系

发布时间：2018-06-28 22:10

本文选题：淮河流域 + SM-DAS-　；参考：《生态环境学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：土壤湿度是陆面与大气能量和物质交换的关键物理量,除地面观测外,卫星遥感也是获取土壤湿度的重要手段。本文针对欧洲卫星气象中心(EUMETSAT)基于卫星遥感而研发的面向水文气象卫星应用产品(H-SAF)中的土壤水分指数(SM-DAS-2)产品,分析产品在淮河流域土壤水分监测中的适用性,为在淮河流域利用该产品开展农田生态监测奠定基础。首先,分析了该产品监测得到的中国土壤表层水分空间分布特征,在此基础上,总结淮河流域表层土壤湿度的时空分布特征;并结合中国气象局发布的中国逐日降水量格点化产品,分析表层土壤湿度与降水量之间的相关关系,最后通过分析淮河流域土壤湿度与地面降水之间的对应关系,探讨土壤湿度对降水的响应时间。从分析结果来看,对于全国而言,该产品能够有效地反映出土壤湿度的分布特征,并且能够刻画出较细致的空间分布规律。在淮河流域,土壤湿度产品和人工观测数值之间具有性较好的相关性(相关系数为0.51,通过置信度0.05的t检验),但SM-DAS-2产品指数偏低(SMDAS-2产品的年均值为0.6,地面观测站监测的表层土壤湿度为0.69)。表层土壤湿度总体上保持"南高北低"空间分布特征,并且空间分布存在着季节性差异。山区和河流附近区域是土壤湿度的高值中心,这一特征在夏秋两季最为显著。表层土壤湿度与降水之间存在显著的相关关系,而在山区和河流附近,两者间的相关性变差。从时间上看,夏季是淮河流域表层土壤湿度与同期降水相关性最好的季节,总体上降水发生3 d以后表层土壤湿度才会对降水的变化产生响应,土壤湿度对降水变化的响应时间最长能延长到10~15 d。
[Abstract]:Soil moisture is the key physical quantity of land surface and atmospheric energy and material exchange. In addition to ground observation, satellite remote sensing is also an important means to obtain soil moisture. In this paper, the soil moisture index (SM-DAS-2) production in hydrometeorological satellite application product (H-SAF) developed by the European Satellite Meteorological Center (EUMETSAT) based on satellite remote sensing is developed. The applicability of the product in the monitoring of soil moisture in the Huaihe basin was analyzed to lay the foundation for the agricultural ecological monitoring in the Huaihe basin. First, the spatial distribution characteristics of the soil surface moisture in China were analyzed. On this basis, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the surface soil moisture in the Huaihe basin were summarized and the results were summarized. The relationship between the surface soil moisture and the precipitation was analyzed by the daily precipitation lattice products published by the China Meteorological Administration. Finally, the response time of soil moisture to the rainfall in Huaihe basin was analyzed. The response time of soil moisture to precipitation was discussed. The distribution of soil moisture can be reflected effectively, and it can depict a more detailed spatial distribution. In the Huaihe basin, there is a good correlation between soil moisture products and artificial observational values (the correlation coefficient is 0.51, the t test of confidence level 0.05), but the SM-DAS-2 product index is low (the annual average value of SMDAS-2 products is 0.6, the surface soil humidity monitored by the ground observation station is 0.69). The surface soil moisture keeps the spatial distribution characteristic of "South High North low", and there is a seasonal difference in the spatial distribution. The area near the mountain and the river is the high value center of the soil moisture, which is the most significant in the two quarter of summer and autumn. In the mountains and rivers, the correlation between the two is worse. In time, the summer is the best season for the correlation between the surface soil moisture and the precipitation in the Huaihe basin. The surface soil moisture will respond to the change of precipitation after 3 D of precipitation, and the response of the soil moisture to the change of precipitation. The longest time can be extended to 10~15 D.
【作者单位】：安徽省气象科学研究所安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室;寿县国家气候观象台;天津市滨海新区气象局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41275030) 公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306040) 安徽省自然科学基金项目(1508085MD64) 中国气象局项目(CMAGJ2015M28)
【分类号】：P426.6;S152.71

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