河南省地形、土壤和地表水体多样性格局特征

发布时间：2018-06-29 01:21

本文选题：河南省 + 地形　；参考：《土壤学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：在水土资源多样性的研究中,地形要素对其空间分布形式和内在联系有重要影响。选取河南省作为研究区,在1 km×1 km网格尺度下以变形仙农熵公式计算河南省的地形空间分布多样性和土壤空间分布多样性(土类级别)及关联性,并将河南省划分为6个面积相近的次级区域,用空间分布面积指数(Y_h)计算地形、土壤的构成组分多样性,用空间分布长度指数(MSHDLI)计算地表水体多样性,对以上特征及关联性进行研究。结果表明:平原和潮土是河南省面积最大且空间分布离散性最高的地形类型和土类。地形与土壤之间关系密切,有76%以上的相关系数r值大于0.50,相关性高;6个分区中,东部分区为单一的平原地形但MSHDLI值次高,平原地形水系发育好,西部分区地形复杂且以山地为主但地表水体多样性指数MSHDLI值最小,山地条件下水系发育较简单;研究区面积相近的情况下,土类构成组分多样性值主要取决于土类间面积大小的均衡程度,与土类面积比例平均变化量之间呈负相关,R~2值为0.94;面状的地形和土壤构成组分多样性指数与线状的地表水体多样性指数间无明显相关性。综上所述,地形、土壤和地表水体三要素间关系密切,共同影响地多样性的空间格局。
[Abstract]:In the study of the diversity of soil and water resources, topographic factors have an important influence on its spatial distribution and internal relationship. Henan Province was selected as the study area. The spatial distribution diversity of topography and soil (soil grade) and its correlation were calculated by using the deformation Shannon entropy formula under the grid scale of 1 km 脳 1 km. Henan Province is divided into six sub-regions with similar area. The topography is calculated by the spatial distribution area index (Yh), the composition diversity of soil is calculated, and the surface water body diversity is calculated by MSHDLI. The above characteristics and relevance are studied. The results show that plain and tidal soil are the topographic types and soils with the largest area and the highest spatial dispersion in Henan Province. The correlation coefficient r value of more than 76% is greater than 0.50, and the correlation is high, the eastern subdivision is a single plain terrain, but the MSHDLI value is second high, the plain topographic water system is well developed. The topography of the western subzone is complex and mountainous, but the surface water body diversity index (MSHDLI) is the smallest, the water system development is relatively simple under the mountainous condition, and the area of the study area is similar. The diversity of soil composition mainly depends on the equilibrium degree of the area between soil groups. There was a negative correlation between the average variation of soil area ratio and the value of Rn2 was 0.94.There was no significant correlation between the surface topography and soil composition diversity index and the linear surface water body diversity index. To sum up, the three elements of topography, soil and surface water are closely related to each other, and together affect the spatial pattern of land diversity.
【作者单位】：郑州大学水利与环境学院自然资源与生态环境研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41571208)资助~~
【分类号】：P343;P931;S15

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