牛粪堆肥方式对温室气体和氨气排放的影响

发布时间：2018-07-01 17:12

本文选题：堆肥 + 粪便　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年10期

【摘要】：为明确堆肥过程中温室气体和氨气排放规律以及产生的总温室效应,在云南省大理州开展堆肥试验,并以奶牛粪便为试验材料,研究了农民堆肥(FC)、覆盖堆肥(CC)、覆盖-翻堆堆肥(CTC)和覆盖通风-翻堆堆肥(CATC)4种堆肥方式对温室气体和氨气排放的影响。结果表明:覆盖通风-翻堆堆肥(CATC)可提高堆肥腐熟度,有效降低CH4和N_2O排放,但并没降低CO2和NH_3排放;与农民堆肥(FC)相比,覆盖堆肥(CC)的CH4排放量增加了48.7%,而N2_O和NH3排放量与农民堆肥(FC)基本一致;覆盖-翻堆堆肥(CTC)虽然提高了腐熟度,但CH_4、CO_2和NH_3排放量较大;堆肥结束时,4个处理的总温室效应分别为25.6、32.9、38.1及18.0 kg/t;温度与CH_4、CO_2、N_2O和NH_3排放速率均极显著相关,pH值显著影响N_2O和NH_3的排放。因此,覆盖通风-翻堆堆肥(CATC)不仅能够满足堆肥产品的腐熟度要求,而且能够减少总温室效应,再加上其操作简便,能够在生产中推广应用。
[Abstract]:In order to clarify the emission rule of greenhouse gas and ammonia gas and the total Greenhouse Effect produced during composting, the composting test was carried out in Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, and cow dung was used as the test material. The effects of four composting methods, including FC, CC, CTC and CATC, on greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions were studied. The results show that CATC can increase compost maturity and reduce CH4 and N2O emissions, but not CO2 and NH3 emissions, compared with farmers' composting (FC), CATC can effectively reduce CH4 and N2O emissions, but not reduce CO2 and NH3 emissions, compared with farmers' compost (FC), CATC can effectively reduce the emission of CH4 and N2O. The CH4 emission of CC increased 48.7, while the discharge of N2O and NH3 was basically the same as that of farmer compost (FC), although CTC increased the maturity of compost, the emission of CH4CO2 and NH3 was larger. At the end of composting, the total Greenhouse Effect of the four treatments were 25.6o32. 9kg / t and 18.0 kg / t, respectively, and the temperature was significantly correlated with the CH4CO2C / N2O and NH3 emission rates. The pH value of the four treatments significantly affected the emission of N2O and NH3. Therefore, CATC can not only meet the requirements of maturity of compost products, but also reduce the total Greenhouse Effect. Besides, it is easy to operate and can be widely used in production.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室;中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部面源污染控制重点实验室;
【基金】：“十二五”国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07105-001)
【分类号】：S141.4

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