深旋耕秸秆还田对内陆盐碱地土壤肥力和作物产量的效应

发布时间：2018-07-03 17:32

本文选题：深旋耕 + 内陆盐碱地　；参考：《江苏农业科学》2016年01期

【摘要】：为了解深旋耕结合小麦秸秆还田的措施对内陆盐碱地改土增产的效果,以夏玉米浚单20为材料,研究旋耕平播条件下不同小麦秸秆还田量对土壤养分以及夏玉米产量的影响。结果发现,不同培肥措施下耕层(0~20 cm)土壤碱解氮含量比20~40 cm土层高33.3%~54.0%。土壤速效钾的变化规律和土壤碱解氮相似,其中处理NPK+生+J(3层)土壤速效钾含量最高,为120 mg/kg。深耕秸秆还田后土壤速效磷仍然偏低,低于临界值20 mg/kg,表明该盐碱地土壤磷素缺乏。处理NP+J(3层)耕层的有机质含量最高为45.8 g/kg,20~40 cm土层有机质含量增加也较明显;与对照处理NPK相比,其他4个处理有机质含量增加幅度为37%~128%。夏玉米籽粒产量以使用生物有机肥的处理产量最高,为9 337.5 kg/hm2,比最低产量的处理高38.1%,比不使用生物有机肥的处理NPK+J(3层)高9.3%。从各生育期夏玉米干物质累积量来看,处理NPK+生+J(3层)的干物质累积量最高。以上结果表明,深旋耕秸秆还田并施用生物肥最能大幅度提高盐碱地土壤肥力和夏玉米产量。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the effect of deep rotary tillage combined with wheat straw returning to soil to improve soil yield in inland saline and alkali land, the effects of different wheat straw returning amount on soil nutrient and yield of summer maize under the condition of rotation tillage and flat sowing were studied. The results showed that the soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content in the tilling layer (0 ~ 20 cm) was higher than that in the soil layer of 20 ~ 40 cm under different fertilization measures, and 54.0% higher than that in the 20 ~ (40) cm soil layer. The change of soil available potassium was similar to that of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, and the content of available potassium in soil treated with NPK was the highest (120 mg / kg). The soil available phosphorus was still lower than the critical value of 20 mg / kg after returning the straw to the field, which indicated that the soil was short of phosphorus. The highest content of organic matter in cultivated layer was 45.8 g / kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) and the increase of organic matter content in the other four treatments was 37% ~ 128% compared with the NPK treatment. The grain yield of summer maize was the highest (9 337.5 kg 路hm ~ 2 路kg ~ (-2), which was 38.1% higher than that of the lowest yield treatment, and 9.3% higher than that of NPK J (3 layers) without biological organic fertilizer treatment. According to the dry matter accumulation of summer maize at different growth stages, the dry matter accumulation of NPK growth J (3 layers) was the highest. The results showed that the soil fertility and summer maize yield could be greatly improved by returning straw to soil and applying biological fertilizer.
【作者单位】：滨州学院资源环境系;
【基金】：山东省滨州市科技发展计划(编号:2013ZC1002) 服务滨州项目(编号:BZXYFB20110510)
【分类号】：S158.3

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