中国若干区域玉米土壤有效磷丰缺指标与适宜施磷量

发布时间：2018-07-04 10:22

本文选题：中国 + 玉米　；参考：《中国土壤与肥料》2017年02期

【摘要】：本文对自20世纪80年代以来我国开展的玉米土壤有效磷丰缺指标与适宜施磷量研究进行了系统总结。结果表明,30年来我国玉米土壤有效磷丰缺指标出现了明显提高;不同区域玉米土壤有效磷丰缺指标差异很大,缺磷处理相对产量90%的土壤Olsen-P含量指标变动于10~47 mg/kg之间;我国玉米土壤有效磷丰缺指标研究存在许多空白区域;我国玉米土壤缺磷较为普遍,有效磷丰缺级别集中于第2~4级,缺磷处理相对产量大多介于70%~100%之间;土壤养分丰缺指标研究的试验点数不宜过少,各试验点土壤养分含量分布不宜过于集中,丰缺指标高端和低端采用外推数据需谨慎,并应予以注明;适宜施磷量与土壤有效磷丰缺级别线性负相关,与目标产量线性正相关,与肥料当季利用率线性负相关;当磷肥当季利用率为20%、目标产量为10.5 t/hm~2时,玉米土壤有效磷丰缺级别第1~7级的适宜施磷量分别为0、42、84、126、168、210和252 kg/hm~2。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the index of available phosphorus in maize soil and the suitable amount of phosphorus applied in maize soil since 1980s were systematically summarized in this paper. The results showed that the indexes of soil available phosphorus abundance and deficiency of maize in China had been obviously improved in the past 30 years, and there was a great difference in the indexes of available phosphorus contents in different regions of maize soil, and the Olsen-P content index of 90% relative yield of P deficiency treatments varied from 10 to 47 mg/kg. There are many blank areas in the study on the index of available phosphorus deficiency in maize soil in China, and the phosphorus deficiency level of maize soil in China is relatively common, and the relative yield of phosphorus deficiency treatment is between 70% and 100%, and the level of available phosphorus abundance and deficiency is concentrated in grade 2 ~ 4, and the relative yield of the treatment is between 70% and 100%. The experimental points of soil nutrient abundance and deficiency index should not be too small, the distribution of soil nutrient content should not be too centralized, and the extrapolation data at the top and low end of the index should be carefully and clearly indicated. The suitable amount of P application was linearly negatively correlated with soil available P abundance and deficiency level, positively correlated with the target yield, and negatively correlated with the fertilizer utilization rate in the current season, and the target yield was 10.5 t / hm-2 when the P fertilizer utilization rate was 20 t / hm ~ 2. The suitable amount of P application for the first and seventh grade of available phosphorus deficiency in maize soil was 0 ~ 42N ~ (84) 1266 ~ (168) 210 and 252 kg 路hm ~ (-1) 路hm ~ (-2), respectively.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学草地研究所;
【基金】：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目“现代牧草产业技术体系建设”(CARS-35) 农业部公益性行业项目“苜蓿高效种植技术研究与示范”(201403048)
【分类号】：S158

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