PLA、PPC或PBAT与2次改性小麦秸秆全降解复合材料的力学性能与生态风险

发布时间：2018-07-08 19:04

本文选题：秸秆纤维 + 全降解材料　；参考：《环境工程学报》2017年12期

【摘要】：制作复合材料是小麦秸秆资源化利用的有效途径之一。小麦秸秆的改性处理对制成的复合材料力学性能有很大影响,且不同的基体材料与小麦秸秆制成的复合材料性能也有所不同。以聚乳酸(PLA)、聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)、聚己二酸(PBAT)为基体材料,分别以改性前或碱处理及偶联剂方法 2次改性后的小麦秸秆纤维为增强材料,采用压缩成型工艺制备了6种全降解复合材料,并对制成的6种复合材料进行了力学性能测试与比对;分析了3种改性后小麦秸秆制成的全降解复合材料的降解性能,并通过种子发芽实验研究了它们的浸提液的潜在生态风险。结果表明,2次改性小麦秸秆与基体材料制成的复合材料,其力学性能较原始秸秆与基体材料制成的复合材料有明显的增强,其拉伸、弯曲、冲击强度均有20%~50%的提升。3种可降解材料降解率由大到小的顺序为:PLA全降解复合材料PBAT全降解复合材料PPC全降解复合材料。质量分数1%的3种全降解复合材料浸提液对种子发芽过程基本不造成影响。
[Abstract]:Making composite materials is one of the effective ways to utilize wheat straw. The modification of wheat straw has a great influence on the mechanical properties of the composites, and the properties of the composites made of different matrix materials and wheat straw are also different. Polylactic acid (PLA), poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC) and poly (adipic acid) (PBAT) were used as matrix materials, and wheat straw fibers after modification or alkali treatment and coupling agent method were used as reinforcements, respectively. Six kinds of total degradable composites were prepared by compression molding process, and the mechanical properties of the six composites were tested and compared, and the degradation properties of three modified wheat straw composites were analyzed. The potential ecological risks of their extracts were studied by seed germination experiments. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the composite made of wheat straw and matrix material were obviously strengthened compared with the composite made of raw straw and matrix material. The degradation rate of 3 kinds of degradable materials was increased by 20% or 50%. The order of degradation rate from big to small was: PBAT total degradation composite PBAT PPC total degradable composite. Three kinds of total degradable composite extracts with 1% mass fraction had little effect on the seed germination process.
【作者单位】：四川农业大学环境学院;
【基金】：四川省青年科技创新团队项目(2014TD0019)
【分类号】：X712;X826

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