连作烟田土壤肥力变化及微生物制剂应用研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 08:54

本文选题：烤烟 + 连作　；参考：《郑州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于良好的地理条件和适宜的气候环境,河南省是我国的重要烟草种植大省。但是近几年河南的烟草种植面积有所缩减,且烟田连作现象十分普遍,严重影响了烟草的品质。据调查,全国及河南省绝大多数地区烟田都有连作情况,连作年份从3年到20年不等。本文对河南省各地市的烟田进行了一系列调查和采样分析,包括对河南省烟草连作情况进行调查,以及在调查的基础对连作问题较为严重几个地区进行实地土壤采样分析。得出不同连作年份的烟田,各地区土壤的几种主要酶活性变化基本一致,郏县和嵩县地区烟田土壤的脲酶,蔗糖酶,酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性以及有机质均是随着连作年限的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,襄城县地区土壤的各种酶活性变化趋势较曲折,但总体也是下降的趋势。在微生物群落变化上面,郏县和嵩县土壤中的微生物含量变化趋势是基本一致的,这两个地区的细菌,酵母菌和放线菌含量变化均是呈现先上升后下降的趋势,而襄城县地区的微生物含量跟酶活性变化趋势是一样的,变化趋势不是很显著,但最终都是减少的。霉菌的含量是随着连作年份的增加呈现上升的趋势,因为土壤中多数霉菌属于致病菌,霉菌数量的增加不利于烟草生长,所以土壤中霉菌的数量变化是与土壤环境的好坏呈负相关的。因此烟草在连作一定年限内酶活性和有益菌含量是随着连作年限的增加而增加的,但超过一定年限后是呈现降低的趋势。有害菌则相反。在调查大田烟草连作情况的同时也进行了为抑制连作障碍的盆栽试验,根据对盆栽烟草进行各个生长期生长指标调查和采收时土壤理化性质及微生物含量的分析,最终综合所有盆栽各个时期的数据可以得到,效果比较好的处理是处理5(T5)和处理10(T10),其次是T7、T21、T1、T9、T11、T12、T27、T25、T4、T14、T16、T17、T23。
[Abstract]:Henan Province is an important tobacco growing province in China because of its good geographical conditions and suitable climate environment. However, in recent years, the planting area of tobacco in Henan Province has been reduced, and the continuous cropping in tobacco fields is very common, which seriously affects the quality of tobacco. According to the investigation, tobacco fields in most areas of Henan Province have continuous cropping situation, the years of continuous cropping range from 3 to 20 years. In this paper, a series of investigation and sampling analysis on tobacco fields in various cities of Henan Province were carried out, including the investigation of tobacco continuous cropping in Henan Province, and the field soil sampling analysis of several regions with serious continuous cropping problems on the basis of investigation. The results showed that the main enzyme activities of tobacco fields in different cropping years were basically the same, and urease and sucrase of tobacco fields in Jiaxian and Songxian areas were similar. The activities of acid phosphatase, catalase and organic matter increased first and then decreased with the increase of continuous cropping years. The variation trend of soil enzyme activity in Xiangcheng County was more zigzag, but it was also a downward trend in general. The variation trend of microbial content in Jiaxian and Songxian soils was basically the same, and the changes of bacteria, yeast and actinomycete in these two areas showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing. But the change trend of microorganism content and enzyme activity in Xiangcheng County is the same, the change trend is not very significant, but it is decreasing in the end. The content of mold increased with the increase of continuous cropping year, because most of the fungi in soil belong to pathogenic bacteria, and the increase of mold quantity is not conducive to the growth of tobacco. Therefore, the quantity of mold in soil is negatively correlated with the soil environment. Therefore, the enzyme activity and beneficial bacteria content of tobacco increased with the increase of continuous cropping years, but decreased after a certain number of years. Harmful bacteria are the opposite. At the same time, a pot experiment was carried out to control the obstacles of continuous cropping. According to the investigation of growth indexes of potted tobacco in each growing period and the analysis of soil physical and chemical properties and microbial content during harvest, the experiment was carried out on the basis of the investigation of the continuous cropping of tobacco in the field at the same time. Finally, the data of all the potted plants were synthesised. The better treatments were treatment 5 (T5) and treatment 10 (T10), followed by T7, T21, T1, T9, T11, T12, T27, T25, T4, T14, T16, T17, T23, and T7, T21, T1, T1, T9, T11, T12, T27, T25, T4, T14, T16, T17, T23.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S158;S572

【相似文献】