综合生物防控烟草青枯病及其对土壤微生物群落结构的影响

发布时间：2018-07-12 09:52

本文选题：烟草青枯病 + 综合防控　；参考：《土壤学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：利用生物有机肥结合相应的农艺措施进行生物防控是近年来的研究热点。分别采用常规施肥(T1)、常规施肥+生石灰(T2)、常规施肥+L-25生物有机肥(T3)、常规施肥+生石灰+L-25生物有机肥(T4)四个处理来探究生物防控烟草青枯病的效果。结果表明:2014年T4处理在烟草全生育期的防控效果显著高于T2和T3处理,在90d后防控效果分别是T2和T3的6.26倍和1.99倍。经过三年修复,青枯病综合防控效果高达61.3%。2013年和2014年T4处理产量显著高于其他各处理。2013年生物有机肥各处理的拮抗菌在70 d之前均显著高于各自对应的病原菌数量,2014年T4病原菌数量则始终处于106 cfu g-1数量级以下,其他处理在烟草移栽90 d后病原菌数量均增长至107 cfu g-1以上。T4处理的根际土壤微生物物种丰度水平、运算分类单位(OTU)、香农多样性指数(Shannonindex)均高于T1处理,主成分与聚类分析表明T3和T4处理的微生物区系结构相似,明显不同于T1处理。综合的生物防控措施可以有效防控重病区青枯病,对烤烟产量产值具有明显的提高作用,并能有效改良土壤微生物区系,具有良好的推广应用前景。
[Abstract]:Biological organic fertilizer combined with the corresponding agronomic measures for biological prevention and control is a research hotspot in recent years. Conventional fertilization (T1), conventional fertilization of quicklime (T2), conventional fertilization of L-25 biological organic fertilizer (T3) and conventional fertilization of quicklime L-25 biological organic fertilizer (T4) were used to explore the effect of biological control of tobacco bacterial wilt. The results showed that the control effect of T4 treatment in 2014 was significantly higher than that of T2 and T3 treatments in the whole growth period of tobacco. After 90 days, the control effect of T4 treatment was 6.26 times and 1.99 times higher than that of T2 and T3, respectively. After three years of restoration, The comprehensive control effect of bacterial wilt was as high as 61.3%. The yield of T4 treatment in 2013 and 2014 was significantly higher than that of the other treatments. The number of antagonistic bacteria in each treatment of bio-organic fertilizer in 2013 was significantly higher than that of their corresponding pathogens before 70 days, and the T4 pathogen in 2014 was significantly higher than that of other treatments. The number is always below 106 cfu g-1, After the other treatments were transplanted for 90 days, the number of pathogenic bacteria increased to the abundance level of microorganism species in rhizosphere soil treated with 10 ~ 7 cfu g ~ (-1) and above .T4, and the count of classification unit (OTU) and Shannon index of Shannon index were higher than those of T1 treatment. The principal component and cluster analysis showed that the microbial fauna of T3 and T4 treatments was similar to that of T1 treatment. The comprehensive biological control measures can effectively prevent and control bacterial wilt in the seriously diseased areas, which can obviously improve the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco, and can effectively improve the soil microbial flora, and have a good prospect of popularization and application.
【作者单位】：贵州省烟草科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41461068) 贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字[2013]2197,2198) 中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(201410)共同资助~~
【分类号】：S435.72;S154.3

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