除草剂草甘膦对两种蓝藻的毒性研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 21:37

本文选题：草甘膦 + 铜绿微囊藻　；参考：《上海应用技术学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：除草剂的广泛使用对水生生态系统的环境安全产生了巨大的风险。其中,除草剂草甘膦在全球的销售额一直独占鳌头。除草剂草甘膦在许多国家已被广泛用于农业杂草控制中。其在使用过程中势必会流失到水生环境中,并可能对水生生物造成不利影响。近年来,水华的爆发受到了全球范围内的关注,其关键原因在于水体富营养化,水生生态系统失调,促使蓝藻迅猛繁殖。然而,在环境浓度下,目前鲜有研究报道涉及草甘膦对水华藻类的毒性效应及其毒素释放分泌的影响。本文以铜绿微囊藻和绿色微囊藻作为受试藻种,用草甘膦对这两种蓝藻进行不同浓度梯度染毒,研究不同作用时间下生长密度、叶绿素a和蛋白含量的变化,并对此过程中抗氧化损伤进行分析,最后对藻毒素释放进行研究,探讨草甘膦对这两种蓝藻的毒性效应。草甘膦对铜绿微囊藻毒性研究表明,48h时,草甘膦增加了铜绿微囊藻细胞内丙二醛(MDA)的含量,增强了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性。草甘膦进一步诱导铜绿微囊藻细胞凋亡,并促进铜绿微囊藻的毒素释放。草甘膦对绿色微囊藻毒性研究表明,高浓度草甘膦能抑制绿色微囊藻生物量、叶绿素a和蛋白含量,且草甘膦浓度越高,绿色微囊藻生长抑制率越大。24h时,低浓度(0.2 mg/L)草甘膦暴露下,绿色微囊藻的SOD活性增高,MDA含量降低。细胞凋亡结果表明：低浓度的草甘膦对绿色微囊藻具有氧化胁迫,但没有导致细胞损害,相反,能刺激绿色微囊藻的生长。研究结果有助于了解常用除草剂草甘膦对蓝藻的毒性作用,对环境评价和保护具有重要的意义,同时也有助于指导草甘膦在农业环境中的施用。
[Abstract]:The widespread use of herbicides has made great risks to the environmental safety of aquatic ecosystems. Among them, herbicide glyphosate has been the world's top priority. Herbicide glyphosate has been widely used in agricultural weed control in many countries. It is bound to be lost to aquatic environment and may be aquatic. In recent years, the outbreak of water bloom has attracted worldwide attention, and the key reason is the eutrophication of water body, the maladjustment of aquatic ecosystem and the rapid propagation of cyanobacteria. However, at present, there are few reports on the effects of glyphosate on the toxic effects of glyphosate on water blooms and the release and secretion of toxins. In this paper, Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis green Microcystis were used as the tested algae, and the two kinds of cyanobacteria were poisoned with glyphosate. The growth density, the changes of chlorophyll a and protein content under different action time were studied, and the Antioxidative Damage in this process was analyzed. Finally, the release of the alga toxin was studied and the glyphosate was discussed. The toxicity of these two cyanobacteria. The toxicity of glyphosate to Microcystis aeruginosa showed that glyphosate increased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in Microcystis aeruginosa cells and enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD). Glyphosate further induced the apoptosis of Microcystis aeruginosa cells and promoted the apoptosis of Microcystis aeruginosa cells. The toxicities of Microcystis aeruginosa were released. Glyphosate toxicity to green Microcystis showed that high concentration of glyphosate inhibited green Microcystis biomass, chlorophyll a and protein content, and the higher the concentration of glyphosate, the greater the growth inhibition rate of green Microcystis was.24h, and the SOD activity of Microcystis green Microcystis increased under low concentration (0.2 mg /L) glyphosate. MDA content decreased. The results of apoptosis showed that low concentration of glyphosate had oxidative stress on green Microcystis, but did not cause cell damage. On the contrary, it could stimulate the growth of green Microcystis. The results can help to understand the toxic effect of glyphosate on cyanobacteria, and it is of great significance to environmental assessment and protection. It also helps to guide glyphosate application in the agricultural environment.
【学位授予单位】：上海应用技术学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X592;X171.5

【相似文献】