潮褐土上蔬菜产量和土壤各形态磷变化对长期过量施磷的响应

发布时间：2018-07-12 20:12

本文选题：长期定位施肥 + 潮褐土　；参考：《植物营养与肥料学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：【目的】研究长期连续过量施用磷肥下蔬菜的产量响应、磷肥去向及土壤各形态磷库的动态变化。【方法】在太行山山前平原典型潮褐土上,连续进行11年21茬露地蔬菜的长期定位肥料试验,P2O5年施用量设0(P0)、360(P1)、720(P2)、1080(P3)、1440(P4)kg/hm~2共5个处理,分别测定每茬蔬菜产量及各年土壤不同形态磷素含量。【结果】与不施磷肥处理比较,单季P2O5用量180、360、540、720 kg/hm~2均显著增加大白菜、菜豆产量,不同磷肥用量间蔬菜产量均无显著差异。P2O5年用量为360、720、1080、1440 kg/hm~2,土壤年盈余磷为41.2~478.7 kg/hm~2,积累率为26.2%~76.1%。与基础土比较,随着磷肥用量的增加,土壤有效磷、全磷、无机磷总量及无机磷中的Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P、Fe-P含量均呈显著增加趋势,无机磷中的O-P、Ca10-P含量无显著变化。P2O5年用量为720、1080、1440 kg/hm~2处理土壤的有效磷年均增加量为2.3、4.2、5.0 mg/kg;土壤有效磷增加量与磷盈余量呈显著直线正相关关系,土壤磷素每盈余100 kg/hm~2,有效磷、Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P、Fe-P含量分别增加1.13、2.41、15.27、4.14、1.37 mg/kg。随着土壤磷盈余量和施肥年限的增加,有效磷占全磷比重、Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P占无机磷比重逐渐增加。【结论】施用磷肥显著增加大白菜和菜豆产量,过量施用磷肥蔬菜产量无显著变化;土壤磷素处于盈余状态下,随着磷肥用量的增加或种植年限的增加,土壤积累磷的有效性随之增加。基于蔬菜对磷肥产量响应和土壤磷素收支表观平衡状况,露地大白菜P2O5推荐用量180 kg/hm~2,菜豆270 kg/hm~2。
[Abstract]:[Objective] to study the yield response of vegetables under continuous excessive application of phosphate fertilizer, the direction of phosphate fertilizer and the dynamic changes of various forms of phosphorus in the soil. [Methods] the long-term localization fertilizer experiment on vegetables in 21 stubble crops for 11 years in the typical tidal brown soil of Taihang Mountain Piedmont Plain was carried out. The application amount in P2O5 year was 0 (P0), 360 (P1), 720 (P2), 1080 (P3), 1440 (P4). A total of 5 treatments of kg/hm~2 were used to determine the yield of each crop and the different forms of phosphorus in each year. [results] compared with the non phosphate fertilizer treatment, the amount of P2O5 used in a single season increased the yield of cabbage and bean, and the output of vegetable beans had no significant difference between different amounts of phosphate fertilizer and the amount of.P2O5 years was 36072010801440 kg/h. M~2, the annual soil surplus phosphorus was 41.2~478.7 kg/hm~2, and the accumulation rate was 26.2%~76.1%. compared with the base soil. With the increase of the amount of phosphate fertilizer, the content of available phosphorus, total phosphorus, total phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus and Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P and Fe-P in the inorganic phosphorus increased significantly, and the content of inorganic phosphorus was O-P, and Ca10-P content had no significant change in.P2O5 year 72010801440. The annual increase of effective phosphorus in soil by kg/hm~2 was 2.3,4.2,5.0 mg/kg, and the increase of available P and P / E had a positive linear correlation. The per surplus of P, Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P, Fe-P in soil increased 1.13,2.41,15.27,4.14,1.37 mg/kg. with the increase of soil phosphorus surplus and fertilization years. Adding, effective phosphorus accounted for the proportion of total phosphorus, Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P accounted for the proportion of inorganic phosphorus. [Conclusion] the application of phosphate fertilizer significantly increased the yield of cabbage and bean, and there was no significant change in the yield of vegetables. Based on the response of vegetables to the output of phosphate fertilizer and the apparent balance of soil phosphorus budget, the recommended dosage of P2O5 in open field Chinese cabbage is 180 kg/hm~2, and bean 270 kg/hm~2..
【作者单位】：河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院;
【基金】：河北农业大学中青年骨干教师境外研修项目河北省科技支撑项目(15226421,12220204D)资助
【分类号】：S153.6;S63

【相似文献】