经济林草措施改造柏木低效林对中小型土壤动物群落结构的影响

发布时间：2018-07-14 11:31

【摘要】：中小型土壤动物的空间分布及群落多样性对于衡量低效林的生态恢复具有重要的意义。为了探索林草措施对柏木低效林中小型土壤动物群落结构的影响,本试验设置核桃+沙打旺、核桃+苏丹草、核桃+草木犀、核桃+黑麦草、核桃+松土和柏木对照组,采用干、湿漏斗法调查不同处理中小型土壤动物群落分布情况。结果表明:所有处理中小型土壤动物群落类群数、密度和多样性均在夏、秋季相对较高,冬、春季相对较低,且不论哪个季节均表现为核桃+牧草核桃+松土柏木低效林;在处理的初期,林草措施与柏木低效林土壤动物群落几乎均处于中等不相似水平,随处理时间的延长,其群落基本处于中等相似水平,其中,核桃+松土与柏木林在秋、冬季甚至达到极相似水平;核桃+牧草和柏木林中小型土壤动物无论在哪个季节主要分布在上中层土壤,且在冬季林草措施土壤动物有向中下层土壤迁移的趋势;核桃+松土中小型土壤动物在处理前期主要分布在上中层土壤,随处理时间的延长,其土壤动物会逐渐往中下层迁移。林草措施对中小型土壤动物群落结构的影响较大,且不同林草措施的这种影响效果略有不同,其中,核桃+苏丹草、核桃+草木犀和核桃+黑麦草的效果较好。
[Abstract]:The spatial distribution and community diversity of small and medium-sized soil animals are of great significance to evaluate the ecological restoration of inefficient forests. In order to explore the effect of forest and grass measures on the structure of small and medium-sized soil fauna community in low efficient forest of cypress, the experiment was conducted with the control group of walnut, walnut Sudan grass, walnut ryegrass, walnut pine soil and cypress. Dry and wet funnel methods were used to investigate the distribution of small and medium-sized soil fauna communities under different treatments. The results showed that the number, density and diversity of small and medium-sized soil fauna communities were relatively high in summer and autumn, but relatively low in winter and spring. In the early stage of treatment, the forest and grass measures were almost at the middle dissimilar level with the soil fauna community of the low-efficient forest of cypress, and with the extension of the treatment time, their communities were basically at the middle similar level, among which, the walnut soil and the cypress forest were in autumn. The middle and small soil fauna of walnut grass and cypress forest are mainly distributed in the upper and middle soil no matter which season, and the soil animals have the tendency to migrate to the middle and lower soil in winter. The small and medium-sized soil fauna of walnut pine soil mainly distributed in the upper and middle layers in the early stage of treatment. With the extension of the treatment time, the soil animals would gradually migrate to the middle and lower layers. The effects of forest and grass measures on the community structure of small and medium-sized soil animals were significant, and the effects of different forest and grass measures were slightly different, among which, the effects of walnut Sudan grass, walnut ryegrass and walnut ryegrass were better.
【作者单位】：四川农业大学;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B05) 四川省水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室项目资助
【分类号】：S714.3

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