大兴安岭不同类型低质林土壤和枯落物的水文性能

发布时间：2018-07-15 22:51

【摘要】：以大兴安岭地区阔叶混交低质林、蒙古栎低质林、白桦低质林为研究对象,运用描述性统计和差异性分析对其土壤层和枯落物层的水文效应进行比较分析,以期对低质林水源涵养功能深入了解。结果表明:3种类型的土壤含水率、土壤密度、土壤毛管孔隙度范围分别为0.86%~0.90%、0.41~0.53 g·cm-3、60.17%~68.16%,各类型间差异不显著。蒙古栎低质林土壤密度最低,毛管孔隙度和总孔隙度最高。3种类型的枯落物总蓄积量范围为8.87~15.18 t·hm~(-2),枯落物总蓄积量由大到小表现为阔叶混交低质林、蒙古栎低质林、白桦低质林,各类型间差异显著。3种类型低质林的自然持水率、最大持水率、有效拦蓄率范围分别为13.26%~19.53%、248.95%~401.97%、192.07%~323.88%,蒙古栎低质林最大持水率和有效拦蓄率高于其他2种类型,各类型间差异不显著。枯落物最大持水量、有效拦蓄量范围分别为11.4~28.15、9.00~22.26 t·hm~(-2),其中白桦低质林的均低于其他2种类型,各类型间差异显著。综合分析表明:蒙古栎低质林土壤水文效应优于其余2种类型,白桦低质林枯落物水文性能明显低于阔叶混交低质林和蒙古栎低质林。
[Abstract]:Using broad-leaved mixed low-quality forest, Quercus mongolica low-quality forest and Bai Hua low-quality forest as research objects, the hydrological effects of soil layer and litter layer were compared and analyzed by descriptive statistics and difference analysis. In order to understand the water conservation function of low quality forest. The results showed that the range of soil moisture content, soil density and soil capillary porosity of the three types of soil were 0.86, 0.901 and 0.53g / cm ~ (-3), respectively, and 68.16g / cm ~ (-3). There was no significant difference among the three types of soil moisture content, soil density and soil capillary porosity. Quercus mongolica low quality forest had the lowest soil density, the highest capillary porosity and total porosity. 3 types of total litter volume ranged from 8.87 to 15.18 t hm ~ (-2), and the total litter volume varied from large to small to broad leaved mixed low quality forest, Mongolian Quercus mongolica low quality forest, Bai Hua low quality forest. There were significant differences in the natural water retention rate, the maximum water retention rate and the effective water retention rate between the three types of low quality forest. The range of water holding capacity, maximum water retention rate and effective water retention rate were 13.26, 19.53 and 248.959.97 respectively. The maximum water holding rate and effective interception rate of Quercus mongolica low quality forest were higher than those of the other two types, and the difference was not significant among the two types. The maximum water holding capacity of litter and the effective storage capacity range were 11.4m ~ (-2) and 28.159.00 ~ (9.00) t / hm ~ (-2), respectively, in which the Bai Hua low quality forest was lower than the other two types, and there were significant differences among the different types. The comprehensive analysis showed that the soil hydrological effect of Quercus mongolica low quality forest was superior to the other two types, and the hydrological performance of litter in Bai Hua low quality forest was obviously lower than that in broadleaved mixed low quality forest and Mongolian oak low quality forest.
【作者单位】：森林持续经营与环境微生物工程黑龙江省重点实验室(东北林业大学);哈尔滨商业大学;
【基金】：林业科学技术推广项目([2015]06号) 黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C201408)
【分类号】：S714

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