岭南果树生长环境建模与科普展项设计

发布时间：2018-07-17 04:52

【摘要】：广东省地处热带南亚热带,全年气候温和、无霜期长,四季宜农,省内果树资源生物多样性极其丰富且颇具特色,果树种植是广东省水果产业乃至整个农业产业的重要组成部分。本课题针对岭南果树进行生长环境建模与科普展项设计具有重要的农业生产意义和科普教育意义本文对基于无线传感器的环境因子监测研究、农作物生长环境建模情况、环境因子监测与建模发展趋势以及科普展项设计等研究现状作了分析。在此基础上,结合课题研究需要,从果树生物学的角度出发,筛选出直接影响岭南果树生长的4种主要环境因子(温度、空气湿度、光照、土壤湿度),设计了一种基于无线传感器网络的,以单片机Arduino UNO主控板为核心处理器,综合运用现代传感器技术、无线传感器网络、电路与系统技术等技术的生态环境因子监测系统,实现对果树生长环境因子快速、准确的监测。在广东科学中心温室搭建实验环境,通过设置不同的光照、湿度等环境条件,并通过与市面上购置的Parrot Flower Power、水银温度计、湿度计等监测、测量设备进行对比实验,检验、测试结果表明,实验室无线传感器系统在数据监测方面具有较好的准确性和适用性,能较好地满足课题研究的需要。使用实验室传感器系统,选取黄皮树作为岭南果树的代表树种进行时长达28周的持续环境数据监测和生长数据测量,对果树生长情况与各主要环境因子的关系进行假设,构建描述岭南果树生长情况与环境因子之间规律的数学模型。基于Logistic生长曲线建立了单因子、多因子黄皮树Logistic生长模型,并建立了多元线性回归模型进行对比分析,通过拟合度分析认为多因子Logistic生长模型更适用于黄皮树植株生长规律,同时模型是一种通用、可移植于其他果树品种的生长环境因子建模方法,对柑桔橙、荔枝、龙眼等其他果树同样具有应用意义。并基于岭南果树实时监测结果设计科普展品,将岭南果树生长环境因子实时监测结果进行展示,向观众传达果树知识。本课题实现了岭南果树生长环境因子信息的快速、准确获取,是将信息技术应用于农业生产的实践性探索研究,同时,本课题面向科普应用开发可在科普展馆供公众操作体验的监测系统,将岭南果树环境因子实时监测结果设计成科普展项,进行科普展示,对传授科学知识、启迪科学思想,激发其科学探究的好奇心和兴趣,唤起市民对生物学知识的了解、喜爱,具有重要的科学普及意义和创新意义
[Abstract]:Guangdong Province is located in the tropical and subtropical tropics. It has a mild climate, a long frost-free period, and the four seasons are suitable for agriculture. The fruit tree resources in Guangdong Province are extremely rich and characteristic. Fruit tree planting is an important part of fruit industry and even the whole agricultural industry in Guangdong Province. This topic carries on the growth environment modelling and the science popularization development item design to the Lingnan fruit tree has the important agricultural production significance and the science popularization education significance this paper studies the environment factor monitoring based on the wireless sensor and the situation of the crop growth environment modeling. The development trend of environmental factor monitoring and modeling, as well as the current research situation of popular science development item design are analyzed. On the basis of this, according to the need of the research, four main environmental factors (temperature, air humidity, light) which directly affect the growth of fruit trees in Lingnan were selected from the perspective of fruit tree biology. Soil moisture), a kind of wireless sensor network based on single chip microcomputer Arduino Uno main control board as the core processor, comprehensive use of modern sensor technology, wireless sensor network, The monitoring system of ecological environment factors based on circuit and system technology can monitor the growth environment factors of fruit trees quickly and accurately. The experimental environment was set up in the greenhouse of Guangdong Science Center. By setting up different environmental conditions such as light and humidity, and by monitoring and testing with the purchased Parrot Flower power, mercury thermometer, hygrometer and so on, the measuring equipment was compared and tested. The test results show that the laboratory wireless sensor system has good accuracy and applicability in data monitoring and can meet the needs of the research. Using the laboratory sensor system, we selected the yellow bark tree as the representative tree species of Lingnan fruit tree for 28 weeks of continuous environmental data monitoring and growth data measurement, and hypothesized the relationship between the growth of fruit trees and the main environmental factors. A mathematical model describing the relationship between growth and environmental factors of fruit trees in Lingnan was established. Based on the logistic growth curve, a single and multifactor logistic growth model of yellow bark tree was established, and a multivariate linear regression model was established for comparative analysis. It was concluded that the multivariate logistic growth model was more suitable for the growth law of yellow bark tree plant through the analysis of fitting degree. At the same time, the model is a general method, which can be transplanted to other fruit tree varieties. It is also useful to other fruit trees such as orange, litchi, longan and so on. Based on the real-time monitoring results of fruit trees in Lingnan, the popular exhibits were designed, and the results of real-time monitoring of the growth environment factors of fruit trees in Lingnan were displayed to convey fruit tree knowledge to the audience. This project realizes the rapid and accurate acquisition of information on the growth environment factors of fruit trees in Lingnan. It is a practical exploration and research on the application of information technology to agricultural production, and at the same time, This subject is aimed at the application of science popularization and develops a monitoring system that can be used by the public to operate and experience in the popular science exhibition hall. The real-time monitoring results of environmental factors of fruit trees in Lingnan are designed as popular science exhibition items, which can teach scientific knowledge and enlighten scientific ideas. It is of great significance to popularize and innovate science by arousing its curiosity and interest in scientific inquiry and arousing people's understanding and love of biological knowledge.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S66;S126

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