森林土壤碳氮循环过程的新视角:丛枝与外生菌根树种的作用

发布时间：2018-07-17 06:22

【摘要】：几乎所有树木的根系都能与丛枝菌根(AM)真菌或外生菌根(EM)真菌形成共生关系,从而调节森林生态系统土壤碳(C)、氮(N)循环等功能过程。深入理解不同菌根类型森林土壤C、N循环的差异及其影响机制是重要的生态研究命题。该文明晰了AM与EM森林土壤C、N循环的差异;基于森林土壤C、N输入、稳定和输出等3个过程剖析了AM和EM树种对土壤C、N循环的影响机制;比较了不同菌根类型森林土壤C、N循环过程对全球变化的响应;指出了该研究领域所面临的主要挑战:(1)全面比较研究不同菌根类型森林土壤C、N循环及其相关联的生态系统结构和功能特征,为提高森林生产力、发挥生态系统服务功能提供理论基础和数据;(2)深入认知不同菌根树种地上凋落物及地下菌根与自由微生物间相互作用对土壤C、N循环的影响,以阐明不同菌根类型森林土壤C、N循环的潜在机制;(3)改进研究方法,应用新技术手段,充分考虑时空尺度效应,以便能用小尺度的研究结果合理地解释和预测生态系统C、N循环;(4)加强不同菌根类型森林土壤C、N稳定性差异的研究,以准确评价森林结构和功能对全球变化的响应。
[Abstract]:Almost all trees can form symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) or ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, thus regulating the soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles in forest ecosystem. It is an important ecological research topic to deeply understand the difference of Con N cycle in forest soil of different mycorrhizal types and its influence mechanism. In this paper, the difference between AM and EM forest soil Con N cycling was clarified, and the mechanism of AM and EM tree species on soil Con N cycling was analyzed based on the three processes of forest soil Con N input, stabilization and output. The responses of different mycorrhizal types of forest soil to global change were compared. The main challenges in this field are pointed out as follows: (1) A comprehensive comparative study of Con N cycles in different mycorrhizal types of forest soils and their associated ecosystem structure and functional characteristics was carried out in order to improve forest productivity. To provide theoretical basis and data for ecosystem service function; (2) to deeply understand the effect of aboveground litter of different mycorrhizal tree species and the interaction between underground mycorrhizal mycorrhizae and free microorganisms on soil Con N cycling. In order to elucidate the potential mechanism of Con N cycling in forest soil of different mycorrhizal types, (3) to improve the research methods, to apply new techniques and to take full account of the effect of time and space scale, In order to reasonably explain and predict the Con N cycle in ecosystem with the results of small-scale studies, (4) to strengthen the study on the difference of Con N stability in forest soils of different mycorrhizal types, in order to evaluate accurately the response of forest structure and function to global change.
【作者单位】：东北林业大学生态研究中心;
【基金】：国家“十三五”重点研发计划(2016YFD0600201) 教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT_15R09) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2572017AA16)
【分类号】：S714

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