不同种植年限条件下黄花蒿根际土壤微生物生物量、酶活性及真菌群落组成

发布时间：2018-07-17 07:20

【摘要】：试验采集未种植、种植1年、3年和5年的黄花蒿根际土壤,采用常规分析和Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,研究了土壤微生物生物量、酶活性及真菌群落组成。结果表明,在人工种植黄花蒿的土壤中,微生物生物量碳氮减少,碳氮比例改变;脱氢酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶活性降低,酸性磷酸酶活性增强;说明黄花蒿释放的化感物质选择性抑制了土壤微生物生长、繁殖和代谢。在不同种植年限的土壤中,主成分分析显示代表不同种植年限土壤真菌群落的点在坐标图中分布距离较远,表明它们的群落组成发生了显著变化(P0.05)。此外,子囊菌门占土壤真菌的66.10%~95.28%,黄花蒿种植时间影响真菌门类和优势真菌的丰富度。在前20种优势真菌中,有14种共存于不同种植年限的土壤中,每种土壤中存在1~3种独有真菌,说明土壤是决定真菌种群组成的主导因素,又因种植黄花蒿而改变。在栽培1~5年的黄花蒿土壤中,优势菌株中出现蒿属的常见病菌——蒿白粉菌和艾菊柄锈菌,提高相应病害的发生风险。
[Abstract]:The rhizosphere soil of Artemisia annua L. was collected for 1 year, 3 years and 5 years without planting. Soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity and fungal community composition were studied by routine analysis and Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that in the soil planted with Artemisia annua, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen decreased, C / N ratio changed, dehydrogenase, urease and sucrase activities decreased, acid phosphatase activity increased. The results showed that the allelochemicals released by Artemisia annua selectively inhibited the growth, reproduction and metabolism of soil microorganisms. In the soil with different planting years, principal component analysis showed that the points representing the soil fungal community with different planting years were distributed far in the coordinate map, indicating that their community composition had changed significantly (P0.05). In addition, ascomycetes accounted for 66.10% and 95.28% of soil fungi. The planting time of Artemisia annua affected the richness of fungi and dominant fungi. Among the top 20 dominant fungi, 14 species coexisted in soils with different planting years, and there were 13 unique fungi in each soil, which indicated that soil was the dominant factor in determining the composition of fungi and changed with the planting of Artemisia annua (Artemisia annua). In the soil of Artemisia annua cultivated for 1 ~ 5 years, the common bacteria of Artemisia, Artemisia albicans and Artemisia artemisia, were found in the soil of Artemisia annua for 1 ~ 5 years, which increased the risk of corresponding diseases.
【作者单位】：西南大学资源环境学院;河南省烟草公司南阳市公司;重庆市中药研究院;
【基金】：国家973计划项目(2013CB127405) 国家科技惠民计划项目(2013GS 500102) 重庆市科技研发基地项目(cstc 2014ptyjd10001) 重庆市自然科学基金(cstc2011jjA 0861) 中央高校基金(SWU113094)资助
【分类号】：S154;S567.219

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