保水型高分子缓释氮钾肥的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 20:47

【摘要】：本论文以尿素、亲水性物质丙烯酸和(或)丙烯酰胺、氢氧化钾为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用溶液聚合方法制备出两种含氮和钾的保水型高分子缓释肥PSRNKF-1和PSRNKF-2。研制的保水缓释氮钾肥满足“吸水”、“保水”、“多元”、“缓释”等世界肥料未来的发展方向。以尿素、丙烯酸与氢氧化钾为原料,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,制备了保水型高分子缓释氮钾肥PSRNKF-1,其吸水倍率为910g.g-1~925g.g-1,氮和钾的含量分别为21.32%、11%。通过正交实验和优化实验,确定了PSRNKF-1的最佳制备工艺。采用傅里叶红外吸收光谱(FITR)对PSRNKF-1的结构进行了表征分析,并推测了可能的反应机理。通过测定PSRNKF-1在去离子水中及0.9%Na Cl盐溶液中的吸水倍率随时间的变化规律研究了PSRNKF-1的吸水速率,结果表明:PSRNKF-1在去离子水中和0.9%Na Cl盐溶液中分别在4.5h、7.5h达到吸水饱和状态。通过测定PSRNKF-1在不同盐溶液中的吸水倍率研究了溶液中不同的阴、阳离子、p H对PSRNKF-1吸水性能的影响,结果表明:PSRNKF-1在不同价态阳离子溶液中的吸水倍率大小为:一价阳离子三价阳离子二价阳离子;PSRNKF-1在不同阴离子盐溶液中的吸水倍率大小为:Cl-CO32-SO42-H2PO4-;PSRNKF-1适用于p H为6-8的土壤环境中;研究了PSRNKF-1的重复吸水能力,结果表明:PSRNKF-1在吸水-烘干六次之后仍具有较好的吸水能力。通过水分渗漏实验研究了PSRNKF-1的保水性能,结果表明:PSRNKF-1大大减少了土壤中的水分渗漏,具有较好的水分保持能力。通过水中溶出率法对PSRNKF-1在水中的养分释放性能进行了研究,结果表明:PSRNKF-1具有较好的缓释性能,其水中养分释放曲线呈倒“L”型。以尿素、丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺及氢氧化钾为原料,以过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,制备了保水型高分子缓释氮钾肥PSRNKF-2,其吸水倍率为1398g.g-1~1425g.g-1,氮和钾的含量分别为14.14%、8.95%。通过正交实验和优化实验,确定了PSRNKF-2的最佳制备工艺。通过红外吸收光谱(FITR)对PSRNKF-2的结构进行了表征分析。通过测定PSRNKF-2在去离子水中/0.9%Na Cl盐溶液中的吸水倍率随时间的变化规律研究了PSRNKF-2的吸水速率,结果表明:PSRNKF-2在去离子水中/0.9%Na Cl盐溶液中分别在6.5h、5.5h达到吸水饱和状态。通过测定PSRNKF-2在不同盐溶液中的吸水倍率研究了溶液中不同的阴阳离子、p H对PSRNKF-2吸水性能的影响及PSRNKF-2的重复吸水能力,结果表明:PSRNKF-2在不同价态阳离子溶液中的吸水倍率大小为:一价阳离子三价阳离子二价阳离子;PSRNKF-2在不同阴离子盐溶液中的吸水倍率大小为:Cl-H2PO4-CO32-SO42-;PSRNKF-2适用于p H为6-8的土壤环境;PSRNKF-2在吸水-烘干六次之后依旧具有很好的吸水性能。通过水分渗漏实验研究了PSRNKF-2的保水性能,结果表明:PSRNKF-2大大减少了土壤中的水分渗漏,具有较好的水分保持能力。通过水中溶出率法对PSRNKF-2在水中的养分释放性能进行了研究,结果表明:PSRNKF-2具有较好的缓释性能,其水中养分释放曲线呈倒“L”型。
[Abstract]:This paper uses urea, hydrophilic substances acrylic acid and (or) acrylamide, potassium hydroxide as raw material, potassium persulfate as initiator, N, N'- methylene double acrylamide as crosslinker, and preparation of two kinds of water holding polymer sustained-release fertilizer PSRNKF-1 and PSRNKF-2. by solution polymerization method to meet "water absorption" The future development direction of world fertilizer, such as "water conservation", "multiple" and "sustained release", was prepared by using urea, acrylic acid and potassium hydroxide as raw materials, N, N'- methylene double acrylamide as crosslinking agent and potassium persulfate as initiator. The water retention of high molecular Release Nitrogen Potassium Fertilizer PSRNKF-1 was prepared, its water absorption ratio was 910g.g-1~925g.g-1, nitrogen and potassium content. The best preparation process of PSRNKF-1 was determined by orthogonal experiment and optimization experiment. The structure of PSRNKF-1 was characterized by Fourier infrared absorption spectroscopy (FITR), and the possible reaction mechanism was speculated. The water absorption rate of PSRNKF-1 in deionized water and 0.9%Na Cl salt solution was determined with time. The water absorption rate of PSRNKF-1 was studied. The results showed that PSRNKF-1 reached the state of water absorption in 4.5H and 7.5h in deionized water and 0.9%Na Cl salt solution, respectively. By measuring the water absorption rate of PSRNKF-1 in different salt solutions, the effects of different Yin, cations and P H on the water absorption of PSRNKF-1 in the solution were investigated. The results showed: PSRNK The water absorbency of F-1 in different valence cation solutions is: monovalent cationic trivalent cation two valence cations; PSRNKF-1 in different anionic salt solutions is Cl-CO32-SO42-H2PO4-; PSRNKF-1 is suitable for P H 6-8 soil environment; the repeated water absorption capacity of PSRNKF-1 is studied. The results show that PSRNKF-1 is in the environment. After six times of water absorption and drying, the water retention property of PSRNKF-1 was studied by water leakage experiment. The results showed that PSRNKF-1 greatly reduced the water leakage in the soil and had better water retention ability. The results of the nutrient release performance of PSRNKF-1 in water were studied by the dissolution rate method of water. PSRNKF-1 has good slow release performance, the release curve of nutrient in water is inverted "L" type. With urea, acrylic acid, acrylamide and potassium hydroxide as raw material, potassium persulfate as initiator, N, N'- methylene double acrylamide as crosslinking agent, the water retention type high molecular Release Nitrogen Potassium Fertilizer PSRNKF-2 is prepared, its water absorption ratio is 1398g.g-1~1425g.g-1 The content of nitrogen and potassium is 14.14%, respectively. 8.95%. has determined the best preparation process of PSRNKF-2 through orthogonal experiment and optimization experiment. The structure of PSRNKF-2 was characterized by infrared absorption spectroscopy (FITR). The water absorption rate of PSRNKF-2 in /0.9%Na Cl salt solution in deionized water was determined with time. The water absorption rate of F-2 showed that PSRNKF-2 was in 6.5h and 5.5h in /0.9%Na Cl salt solution of deionized water respectively, and 5.5h reached the state of water absorption respectively. By measuring the water absorption rate of PSRNKF-2 in different salt solutions, the effects of P H on the water absorption of PSRNKF-2 and the repeated water absorption capacity of PSRNKF-2 were studied. The water absorbency of PSRNKF-2 in different valence cation solutions is: monovalent cationic trivalent cation two valence cations; PSRNKF-2 in different anionic salt solutions is Cl-H2PO4-CO32-SO42-; PSRNKF-2 is suitable for P H 6-8 soil environment; PSRNKF-2 still has good absorption after six times of water absorption and drying. Water performance was carried out by water leakage test. The water retention performance of PSRNKF-2 was studied. The results showed that PSRNKF-2 greatly reduced the water leakage in the soil and had better water retention ability. The nutrient release performance of PSRNKF-2 in water was studied by the dissolution rate method of water. The results showed that PSRNKF-2 had better sustained release properties and its water was water. The curve of nutrient release was inverted "L".
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ440.1

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