三峡库区不同土地利用方式下土壤养分含量特征研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 12:18

【摘要】：为了研究三峡库区不同土地利用方式下土壤有机质、pH值及土壤养分特征的变化,以重庆市开县竹溪镇选取4种不同的土地利用方式作为研究对象,依次为坡耕地(PG)、人工林(RG)、荒草地(HC)和经果林(JG),在每种土地利用方式上选取3块10m×10m样地,每块样地内采用"S"形布设采样,取0~20cm土样,运用土壤化学分析方法测定土壤pH值、有机质以及氮磷钾等含量。研究结果表明,1)在4种不同土地利用方式下,有机质含量和土壤pH值显著差异,有机质含量情况:人工林(24.99±2.34g/kg)经果林(19.71±1.89g/kg)荒草地(13.72±1.79g/kg)坡耕地(10.20±0.69g/kg),坡耕地土壤pH值最高达到7.19,人工林最低达到5.67。2)全氮含量范围为0.55~1.38g/kg之间,人工林与其他3种土地利用方式的碱解氮含量差异显著,土壤全氮含量和有机碳的变化有极显著的正相关关系,4种土地利用方式下C/N没有显著的差异。3)全磷和全钾含量的变化趋势相同,全磷含量范围为0.41~0.59g/kg之间,经果林全磷含量和人工林有显著差异,两种林地利用方式有效磷和速效钾含量差异不显著,但全钾含量差异显著,含量范围为3.73~21.43g/kg之间。4)pH值与有机质含量、全氮含量、碱解氮含量极显著负相关,与速效钾显著负相关,与全磷、全钾显著正相关,有机质与全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量极显著正相关性。本研究结果对于在三峡库区采取合理的土地利用方式、施肥方式、土地利用结构调整以及保持和提高土壤肥力、土地生产力有极其重要的意义。
[Abstract]:In order to study the change of soil organic matter pH value and soil nutrient characteristics under different land use patterns in the three Gorges Reservoir area, four different land use patterns were selected from Zhuxi Town, Kaixian City, Chongqing as the research object. In order of slope cultivated land, (PG), plantation, (RG), wasteland, (HC) and fruit forest (JG), 3 10m 脳 10m plots were selected in each land use mode. "S" shape sampling was used in each sample plot, and 0~20cm soil sample was taken. Soil pH value was determined by soil chemical analysis method. Organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The results showed that there were significant differences in organic matter content and soil pH under four different land use patterns. The content of organic matter in artificial forest (24.99 卤2.34g/kg) was (19.71 卤1.89g/kg) barren grassland (13.72 卤1.79g/kg) sloping land (10.20 卤0.69g/kg), the highest soil pH value of sloping land was 7.19, and the lowest was 5.67.2) in the range of 0.55~1.38g/kg. The content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in plantation was significantly different from that in other three land use patterns. There was a significant positive correlation between soil total nitrogen content and organic carbon. There was no significant difference in C / N between four land use patterns. 3) the change trend of total phosphorus and total potassium content was the same, and the range of total phosphorus content was between 0.41~0.59g/kg. There was significant difference in total phosphorus content between fruit forest and artificial forest, but there was no significant difference in available phosphorus and available potassium content between two forest uses, but there was significant difference in total potassium content in the range of 3.73~21.43g/kg. 4) pH value, organic matter content and total nitrogen content. The content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen was significantly negatively correlated with available potassium, positively correlated with total phosphorus, total potassium, organic matter and total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. The results of this study are of great significance for the adoption of rational land use, fertilization, adjustment of land use structure and maintenance and improvement of soil fertility and land productivity in the three Gorges Reservoir area.
【作者单位】：西南大学资源环境学院三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室;攀枝花攀钢集团设计研究院有限公司;
【基金】：科技支撑计划“城乡统筹区村镇建设与污染源控制关键技术与示范”(2013BAJ11B03) 国家自然科学基金“表面反应对酸性土壤中硝化作用及硝化微生物的影响”(41271267)资助
【分类号】：S158

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