不同材料对海岛绿化土壤盐基离子淋溶的影响

发布时间：2018-07-27 10:14

【摘要】：为研究有机肥、木屑、生物炭和石膏对舟山海岛绿化土壤盐基离子(K~+、Ca~(2+)、Na~+、Mg~(2+))的影响,采用土柱模拟试验,比较不同处理下土壤盐基离子的淋溶变化特征。结果表明,添加不同材料均能有效提高前述4种盐基离子的淋溶量,改善土壤品质。在试验条件下,当有机肥或石膏用量为25 g时,Ca~(2+)、K~+、Mg~(2+)、Na~+的淋溶量达到最大;当木屑施用量为12.5 g时,Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Na~+的淋溶量最大,不添加木屑时,K~+的淋溶量最大;生物炭的添加量为12.5 g时,Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)的淋溶量最大,而添加量达到25 g时,K~+、Na~+的淋溶量达到最大值。综合来看,以下方案对绿化地盐基离子的淋洗具有较好的效果:(1)直接用水灌溉淋洗,省时省力,无须增加其他成本,但需要大量的水淋洗,单位水量的淋洗效果较添加改良剂略差;(2)改良剂组合添加,从成本和综合效益方面考虑,在试验条件下,施用有机肥25 g、木屑12.5 g、石膏12.5 g,不添加生物炭的方案,淋洗效果和经济性均最佳。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effects of organic fertilizer, sawdust, biochar and gypsum on the base ions (K ~ (2) ~ (2) (Na ~ (2) (Na ~ (2) in the soil of Zhoushan Island, the leaching characteristics of basic ions in different treatments were compared by means of soil column simulation test. The results showed that the leaching amount of the four base ions was increased and the soil quality was improved by adding different materials. Under the experimental conditions, the leaching amount of Ca ~ (2) K ~ (2) mg ~ (2) O ~ (2) Na ~ (2) is the highest when the amount of organic fertilizer or gypsum is 25 g, and the leaching amount of Ca ~ (2) C _ (2) mg ~ (2) Na ~ (2) is the largest when the amount of sawdust is 12.5 g, and that of K ~ (2 +) is the largest when the amount of wood scraps is not added. The leaching amount of Ca ~ (2) and mg ~ (2) was the highest when the addition amount of biochar was 12.5 g, while the leaching amount of K ~ (2) Na ~ (2) reached the maximum when the addition amount reached 25 g. In general, the following schemes have a better effect on the leaching of salt based ions in green land: (1) direct irrigation with water for leaching saves time and effort, does not need to increase other costs, but requires a large amount of water leaching. The leaching effect of unit water amount is a little worse than that of adding modifier. (2) considering the cost and comprehensive benefit, the scheme of applying organic fertilizer 25 g, wood scraps 12.5 g, gypsum 12.5 g, and not adding biochar, The elution effect and economy are the best.
【作者单位】：舟山市农林科学研究院;浙江省农业科学院数字农业研究所;
【基金】：舟山市科技计划项目(2014C31057)
【分类号】：S156.4

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