紫云英与化肥配施对土壤微生物特征和作物产量的影响

发布时间：2018-07-29 09:15

【摘要】：为了探讨紫云英绿肥与化肥配施对稻田土壤培肥的微生物机制,本研究以7年肥料定位试验为材料,研究了不同施肥对安徽沿江双季稻区稻田土壤可培养微生物数量、微生物量碳氮、微生物熵及水稻产量的影响,探讨施用紫云英绿肥对稻田土壤的培肥效果。结果表明,1)与不施肥相比,长期施用紫云英可显著增加土壤微生物总数量(58.09%~86.86%),尤其是增加了细菌数量(77.93%~112.76%),土壤微生物总数量及细菌数量均于G3F1处理(70%化肥配施22500kg/hm2紫云英)达最大值(288.26×104和263.95×104 CFU/g)。2)施用紫云英可有效增加土壤微生物量。其中,70%化肥配施中高量紫云英的处理与CK相比,土壤微生物量碳(SMBC)、微生物量氮(SMBN)、微生物熵(qMB)分别增加了102.77%~113.94%、172.53%~185.17%、69.47%~84.65%;与100%化肥相比,SMBC、SMBN、qMB分别增加27.74%~34.77%、74.14%~82.22%、20.50%~31.29%。(3)施用紫云英处理的水稻产量与100%化肥处理相当或稍有提高,但明显高于70%化肥和CK处理。与CK相比,紫云英与化肥配施可提高产量46.22%~51.44%。因此,化肥减量30%配施15000~30000kg/hm2紫云英可以提高安徽沿江双季稻区水稻产量,本试验以施加22500kg/hm2的紫云英产量最高(增产率达51.44%),同时,紫云英与化肥配施对提高土壤微生物量碳氮、微生物熵及调节土壤微生物群落组成,改善稻田土壤生物学性状产生显著影响。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the microbiological mechanism of applying green fertilizer and chemical fertilizer to paddy soil, this study studied the amount of cultivated microorganism in paddy field soil of Anhui province along the Yangtze River. Effects of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, microbial entropy and rice yield were studied. The results showed that 1) compared with no fertilizer, Long-term application of Ziyun significantly increased the total number of soil microbes (58.09% and 86.86%), especially the number of bacteria (77.9333C 112.76%). The total number of soil microbes and the number of bacteria reached the maximum value (288.26 脳 10 ~ 4 and 263.95 脳 10 ~ 4 CFU/g) of G3F1 treatment (70% chemical fertilizer combined with 22500kg/hm2 Ziyunya) (288.26 脳 10 ~ 4 and 263.95 脳 10 ~ 4 CFU/g). Ziyun can effectively increase soil microbial biomass. The treatment of 70% chemical fertilizer combined with medium and high amount of Ziyun was compared with CK. Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN), microbial entropy (qMB) increased by 102.7773.94 and 172.53U / 185.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.175.474.65; compared with 100% chemical fertilizer, (SMBN), microbial entropy (qMB) increased 27.7474 ~ 34.77 ~ 74.74.1482.2220.20 ~ 20.2950 ~ 31.295.The yield of rice treated with Ziyunxin treatment was equal to or slightly higher than that of 100% chemical fertilizer treatment, but obviously higher than that of 70% chemical fertilizer and CK treatment. Compared with CK, combined application of Ziyunying and chemical fertilizer could increase yield by 46.22% and 51.44%. Therefore, 30% fertilizer reduction combined with 15000~30000kg/hm2 Ziyun can increase rice yield in double cropping rice area along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province. In this experiment, the yield of 22500kg/hm2 was the highest (the yield increase rate was 51.44%). At the same time, combined application of Ziyunying and chemical fertilizer could improve soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. The microbial entropy and the composition of soil microbial community were regulated and the biological properties of paddy soil were improved significantly.
【作者单位】：安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所安徽养分循环与资源环境省级实验室;中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室;
【基金】：安徽省农业科学院院长青年创新基金项目(15B1016) 公益性行业(农业)专项(201503123,201103005) 国家自然科学基金项目(41401308)资助
【分类号】：S142.1;S143

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