青南牧区牧户家畜生产及雪灾防治
发布时间：2018-08-09 11:50
【摘要】：采用入户访谈方法,对青南牧区典型雪灾地达日县、玛多县和称多县牧户家畜养殖结构、繁殖成活率、出栏量,冷季死亡、掉膘和补饲情况,牧户暖棚建设和收支及对冬春雪灾设计方案效益系统分析。结果表明,研究区户均家畜养殖数为82.5~423.2AU(羊单位,animal unit),家畜年补饲水平为1.2~26.5CNY·AU-1,牧户家畜几乎不出栏,有暖棚设施的牧户占总牧户的1/3,收入主要靠政府补贴,饲草料储备低,占家庭总开支不到5%。牧户应对雪灾能力弱,在大雪灾和中雪灾年份,研究区家畜繁殖成活率分别为41.5%~75.9%和65.0%~86.4%,冷季死亡率分别为13.2%~24.4%和8.2%~12.8%,掉膘率分别为30%~40%和20%~30%。针对牧户家畜管理存在主要问题,本研究提出了一定出栏量+补饲的对策,以减少家畜冬春雪灾死亡损失,提高牧户应对雪灾能力。
[Abstract]:Using the method of household interview, the livestock breeding structure, the survival rate of reproduction, the amount of outfall, the death in cold season, the loss of fat and the situation of supplementary feeding in typical snow disaster areas of Dali County, Maduo County and Sundo County in Qingnan pastoral area were studied. The systematic analysis on the construction, income and expenditure of the sheds and the benefit of the snow disaster design scheme in winter and spring. The results showed that the average number of livestock raised in the study area was 82.5~423.2AU (sheep unit animal unit), animal annual supplementary feeding level was 1.2~26.5CNY AU-1), the herdsmen almost did not go out of the column, the herdsmen with warm greenhouse facilities accounted for one third of the total herdsmen, the income was mainly dependent on government subsidies, and the forage stock was low. Less than 5% of total household expenses. The survival rate of livestock reproduction in the study area was 41.5% 75.9% and 65.0% 86.4% respectively. The mortality rate in cold season was 13.20.24% and 8.2% 12.8 respectively. The fat loss rate was 3040% and 203030%, respectively. In order to reduce the death loss of livestock in winter and spring and to improve the ability of livestock to deal with snow disasters, this study put forward some countermeasures of supplementary feeding in order to reduce the death loss of livestock in winter and spring and to improve the ability of herdsmen to cope with snow disasters.
【作者单位】： 兰州大学草地农业科技学院;农业部草牧业创新重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31372367) 国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0501902)
【分类号】：S811.1
，
本文编号：2173986
[Abstract]:Using the method of household interview, the livestock breeding structure, the survival rate of reproduction, the amount of outfall, the death in cold season, the loss of fat and the situation of supplementary feeding in typical snow disaster areas of Dali County, Maduo County and Sundo County in Qingnan pastoral area were studied. The systematic analysis on the construction, income and expenditure of the sheds and the benefit of the snow disaster design scheme in winter and spring. The results showed that the average number of livestock raised in the study area was 82.5~423.2AU (sheep unit animal unit), animal annual supplementary feeding level was 1.2~26.5CNY AU-1), the herdsmen almost did not go out of the column, the herdsmen with warm greenhouse facilities accounted for one third of the total herdsmen, the income was mainly dependent on government subsidies, and the forage stock was low. Less than 5% of total household expenses. The survival rate of livestock reproduction in the study area was 41.5% 75.9% and 65.0% 86.4% respectively. The mortality rate in cold season was 13.20.24% and 8.2% 12.8 respectively. The fat loss rate was 3040% and 203030%, respectively. In order to reduce the death loss of livestock in winter and spring and to improve the ability of livestock to deal with snow disasters, this study put forward some countermeasures of supplementary feeding in order to reduce the death loss of livestock in winter and spring and to improve the ability of herdsmen to cope with snow disasters.
【作者单位】： 兰州大学草地农业科技学院;农业部草牧业创新重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31372367) 国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0501902)
【分类号】：S811.1
，
本文编号：2173986
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/nykj/2173986.html
