基于根际营养利用能力的植物根际促生菌的筛选及促生效应研究
[Abstract]:The excellent strain is the basis of microbial fertilizer, and the competitive ability of the rhizosphere is the prerequisite for the microbial fertilizer strain to play its role. The selected plant rhizosphere bacteria must be well adapted to the rhizosphere environment of the plant. This study uses the root secretions of three crops of maize, cucumber and tomato as the source of the primary culture medium. The strain of rapid growth of root exudates was isolated and screened in the rhizosphere soil samples. By measuring the growth promoting characteristics of the screened strains, the fine strains were screened by the seedling growth promoting test of Petri dish seedlings, and the effect of growth promotion and the system identification of the screened strains were evaluated by pot experiment. Finally, the four buds of JScG, SCmB, XJmG and SDtG were selected. The bacilli carried out the study on the rhizosphere colonization ability of different crops, the optimization of the medium composition of liquid fermentation medium, the development of rhizosphere microbial fertilizer and the effect of its pot cultivation. The main results were as follows: 24 strains of 1.PGPR strains were obtained at the beginning of screening, and they could be used in the culture medium with the sole nutrient source of plant root exudates. It is fast growing and has one or more growth promoting properties, such as phosphorus dissolving, producing NH3, producing IAA and ferric iron, which have 14 strains of ammonia production, accounting for 58.3% of the sieved strain, 20 of IAA and 83.3% of the screened strain, and the IAA yield of the strain JScB is 73.28 mg L-1, and 12 of the ferric carrier, 50% of the screened strain. 15 strains of organophosphorus, which accounted for 62.5% of the screened strains, all had a certain ability to dissolve inorganic phosphorus, but the difference was very large. The amount of phosphorus dissolved in 19.14-200.05 mg L-1. was finally screened out of 12 PGPR strains according to the growth promoting test of Petri dish seedlings. Among them, the Rhizosphere bacteria that have the promoting effect on maize were SCmB, SCmD, NMGmA, XJmG; and tomato. SDtC, SDtG, GZtB, GZtE, the rhizosphere bacteria that have the effect of promoting growth, and the rhizosphere bacteria that have a stimulating effect on cucumber are HNcB, HNcH, JScB, and JScG.2. will be used to resieve 12 strains of PGPR strains used for pot experiment, and the plant height, biomass, root morphology (total root length, root surface area, etc.) of the host plant maize, cucumber, tomato rhizosphere and growth 40d respectively. Chlorophyll content was significantly higher than that of non bacteria control. 5 strains were identified by 16SrDNA molecule (Bacillus spp.), 3 were rapiti (Ensifer spp.), 2 strains were rhizobia (Rhizobium spp.), 1 were pallid (Ochrobactrum sp.), and 1 strains were micro bacilli (Microbacterium sp.). In the pot experiment of maize, strain SCmB In the pot experiment of tomato, the best growth promoting effect was GZtB, followed by SDtG. In the pot experiment of cucumber, the best producing strain was HNcB, followed by 7 strains of JScB and JScG., the 7 strains were bacillus, which could produce the spores with heat resistance and resistance. Four strains of Bacillus, SCmB, XJmG, SDtG, and JScG were selected for further study on the ideal strain of fertilizer research and development. The biofilm formation of JScG, SCmB, XJmG, SDtG four strains of Bacillus and the rhizosphere colonization of three crops of maize, cucumber and tomato were determined by.3.. Among them, the biofilm of SDtG and JScG was the strongest, and the SCmB was the weakest. The colonization ability of SCmB strain in maize rhizosphere was the strongest, reaching 9.29 x 106CFUg-1 roots in maize rhizosphere; SDtG and JScG had the strongest colonization ability in Cucumber Rhizosphere, which reached 4.69 x 106CFU g-1 root and 4.12 x 106CFU-1 root respectively. XJmG had the strongest colonization ability in tomato rhizosphere, reaching 8.07 x 106 CFU g-1 root.4. utilization single. Factors test and orthogonal test were used to optimize the liquid fermentation medium of four Bacillus strains. The optimal ratio of strain JScG and SCmB liquid fermentation medium was molasses 3%, compound nitrogen source 0.6%, sodium chloride 0.5%, calcium chloride 0.1%, manganese sulphate 0.05%, XJmG optimum ratio was sugar honey 2.5%, compound nitrogen source 0.6%, sodium chloride 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1% Calcium chloride 0.1%, Magnesium Sulfate 0.1%, manganese sulphate 0.05%, SDtG optimum ratio of molasses 3%, compound nitrogen source 0.6%, sodium chloride 0.25%.5. based on the growth curve of four bacillus in liquid fermentation medium, selected 72 h liquid fermentation liquid to produce rhizosphere microbial fertilizer, that is to use decomposed composting for 10% (v/w) liquid fermentation. Four kinds of microbial fertilizers were made in the liquid, the number of spore was 5 x 108 CFU g-1 dry weight, and 0.5% microbial fertilizer was used in maize and tomato rhizosphere. After the growth of 35 d, the plant height, biomass, root morphology (total root length, root surface area and so on) were significantly higher than those of the control, among which strain SCmB had the best effect on maize growth, and the growth promoting effect of strain XJmG on Tomato Best.
【学位授予单位】:南京农业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:S144;S182
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